Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy & Physiology 165 > Lympathetic And Immune System > Flashcards

Lympathetic And Immune System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the body’s three lines of defence of taking care of threats it encounters on a daily basis

A
  1. External Barriers
  2. Nonspecific immunity
  3. Specific immunity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Specific immunity is aimed at a specific pathogen. For the immune system to recognize that pathogen, it must have previously been introduced to that pathogen

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

This immunity protects against broad range of pathogens, using a variety of mechanisms such as external barriers, phagocytosis, antimicrobial proteins, natural killers cells, inflammation and fever

A

Nonspecific immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Skin and mucous membranes are what type of first line defense against micro organisms

A

External Barriee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

AN enzyme found in mucus, tears and saliva that destroys bacteria

A

Lysozyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cells whose sole job is to ingest and destroy micro organisms and other small particles

A

Phagocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Types of Phagocytes

A
  1. neutrophils

2. Macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When a neutrophil uses enzymes to digest a portion of the basement memberane which allows them to squeeze out of the vessel

A

Diapedesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Macrophages evolve from monocytes

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

2 types of proteins that help provide nonspecific resistance against bacterial and viral infection

A
  1. Interferons

2. Complement system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cells produce this protein in response to a viral infection. They then release to nearby cells where it binds to the surface receptors and triggers the production of this enzyme within the cell

A

Interferons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Over 20 different proteins that circulate in the bloodstream in an inactive form waiting to assist the immune response

A

Complement system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

These unique type of lymphocytes continually roam the body, seeking out pathogens or diseased cells

A

Natural Killer Cells (NK) cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

This action stimulates the body’s defense system to begin fighting the infections while instigating measures to contain the pathogen. Also include processes that clean up and repair damaged tissue

A

Inflammation or inflammatory response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Blood that rushes into a wound

A

Hyperemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Dead cells that pile up along with tissue debris and fluid

A

Pus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When pus accumulates in a tissue cavity

A

Abscess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

4 classic signs of inflammation

A
  1. Swelling
  2. redness
  3. heat
  4. pain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Pyrexia

A

Fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

An abnormal elevation of body temperature

A

Fever (Pyrexia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

A person with a fever is said to be

A

Ferbile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Immunity that’s directed against a specific pathogen

A

Specific immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

A mechanism that aims to destroy foreign cells or host cells that have become infected with a pathogen

A

Cellular immunity (cell-mediated)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

A mechanism that focuses on pathogens outside the host cells, sends out antibodies to mark a pathogen for later destruction

A

Humoral immunity (antibody-mediated)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
The body makes its own antibodies and T cells against a pathogen
Active immunity
26
Receiving immunity after receiving an injection of antibodies from another person or an animal
Passive immunity
27
Four classes of immunity
1. Natural active 2. Artificial active 3. Natural Passive 4. Artificial Passive
28
This type of immunity occurs when the body produces antibodies or T cells after being exposed to a particular anitgen
Natural active immunity
29
If you become ill with measles, your body will produce antibodies to this particular virus because of
Natural active immunity
30
Results when the body makes T cells and antibodies against a disease as a result of a vaccination
Artificial Active immunity
31
By injecting a vaccine contains dead or weakened pathogens the recipients body produces an immune response without actually developing the illness
Artificial active immunity
32
Results when a fetus acquires antibodies from the mother through the placenta or when breastfeeding
Natural passive immunity
33
Involves obtaining serum from a person or animal that has produced antibodies against a certain pathogen and then injecting it into someone else
Artificial passive immunity
34
Typically used in emergencies for treatment or rabies or botulism
Artificial passive immunity
35
3 classes of lymphocytes
1. NK cells 2. T 3. B
36
These lymphocytes develop from stem cells in bone marrow | -mature in the thymus
T cells or T lymphocytes
37
Capable of recognizing antigens
Immunocompetent
38
Also begin their life in the bone marrow but remain in the bone marrow until they fully mature
B cells or B lymphocytes
39
Gamma globulin proteins formed by B cells and found in plasma and body secretions -Key players in the body's immune system
Antibodies
40
Another name for antibodies
Immunoglobulins (Ig)
41
Molecule that triggers an immune response
Anitgen
42
Five classes of antibodies
1. IgA 2. IgD 3. IgE 4. IgG 5. IgM
43
Populates MM in the intestines, resp tract and urinary tract | Also found in saliva tears and breast milk
IgA
44
Exists in the blood era small amounts
IgD
45
Involved in allergic reactions
IgE
46
Primary Antibodu of the secondary immune response - most abundant - Making 80%
IgG
47
Active in the primary immune response | Also involved in agglutination of incompatible blood types
IgM
48
Immunity that destroys pathogens that exist within a cell | Employs three classes of T cells
Cellular immunity
49
Cellular immunity cells
1. Cytotoxic T cells 2. Helper T Cells 3. Memory T cells
50
Immunity that focuses on pathogens outside the cell | -uses antibodies to mark them for later destruction
Humoral Immunity
51
The initial reaction that the immune system has against an invader -Time between exposure to an new antigen and rising level of blood antibodies against that antigen is 3-6 days
Primary Response
52
When the B cell remains after an attack and the number of memory B cells begin to divide if the same antigen is present -takes only hours
Secondary response
53
Disorders occur when the immune system overreacts to an anitgen
Hypersensitivity
54
Disorder occurs when immune system fails to act
Immunodeficiency disorders
55
Most common type of hypersensitivity
Allergy
56
A condition in which the immune system reacts to environments substances that most people can tolerate
Allergy
57
A severe immediate allergic reaction that affects the whole body is
Anaphylaxis
58
When ananphylaxis symptoms worse to the point that circularity shock and even sudden death may occur
Anaphlyaxis shock
59
This reaction involves cell-mediated immunity | -contact dermatitis
Delayed allergic reaction
60
Example of auto immune disease
Rheumatic fever, systemic lupus, scleroderma, Graves' disease, ulcerative colitis
61
When children have few or no T and B cells so their bodies can't fight off pathogens forcing them to live in a protective environment
Severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID)
62
Results from an infection with HIV, virus invaders helper T cells eventually destroying them.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
63
What are the key functions of the lymphatic system
Immunity, absorption of fats, and the maintenance of fluid balance
64
What forms the basis of lymphatic fluid
Tissue fluid left behind following capillary exchange
65
In which lymphatic organ do T cells mature
Thymus
66
Which statement most correctly describes the main function of lymph nodes
The removal of pathogens and foreign materials from lymphatic fluid
67
Which important WBC travel throughout the bloodstream seeking out bacteria
Neutrophils
68
A tetanus shot creates what type of immunity
Artificial active immunity
69
How does the spleen contribute to immunity
It screens passing blood for foreign antigens
70
A substance capable of causing disease is called
Anitgen
71
Which type of immunity uses T cells to destroy pathogens within a cell
Cellular immunity
72
Humoral immunity triggers the production of ________ to fight pathogens
Anitbodies

Anatomy & Physiology 165 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions