LXVI

Question 1

abstain /əbˈsteɪn/

Answer 1

1) to choose not to vote for or against something
“Six countries voted for the change, five voted against, and two abstained.”
2) to not do or have something you enjoy, especially alcohol or sex, usually for reasons of religion or health
abstain from
“Pilots must abstain from alcohol for 24 hours before flying.”

1. خودداری کردن
2. پرهیز کردن
3. امتناع کردن

Question 2

cumbersome /ˈkʌmbəsəm/

Answer 2

1) a process or system that is cumbersome is slow and difficult
“Doctors are complaining that the system is cumbersome and bureaucratic.”
“cumbersome procedures”
2) heavy and difficult to move
“a large cumbersome machine”
3) words or phrases that are cumbersome are long or complicated

Question 3

identical /aɪˈdentɪkəl/

Answer 3

exactly the same, or very similar
“four identical houses”
identical to/with
“Nutritionally, infant formulas are almost identical to breast milk.”
“The ingredients are identical with those of competing products.”
identical in
“The sisters were identical in appearance and character.”

1. یکسان
2. همان
3. مساوی
4. عینی

Question 4

asset /ˈæset/

Answer 4

1) the things that a company owns, that can be sold to pay debts
in assets
“a corporation with $9 billion in assets”
“the value of a company’s assets”
2) something or someone that is useful because they help you succeed or deal with problems OPP liability
“A sense of humor is a great asset in this business.”
be an asset to somebody/something
“I think Rachel would be an asset to the department.”

1. دارایی
2. چیز با ارزش و مفید

Question 5

mindset /ˈmaɪndset/

Answer 5

someone’s general attitude, and the way in which they think about things and make decisions SYN outlook
“The company seems to have a very old-fashioned mindset.”

طرز فکر

Question 6

subtle /ˈsʌtl/

Answer 6

1) not easy to notice or understand unless you pay careful attention OPP obvious
“The pictures are similar, but there are subtle differences between them.”
“The warning signs of the disease are so subtle that they are often ignored.”
“a subtle form of racism”
subtle taste/flavour/smell etc
“The flavour of the dried berries is more subtle.”
“The dish had a subtle hint of ginger.”
2) behaving in a skilful and clever way, especially using indirect methods or language to hide what you are trying to do
“I think we need a more subtle approach.”
“a subtle plan”
subtle about
“She wasn’t very subtle about it. She just said she didn’t love him anymore.”
3) very clever in noticing and understanding things → sensitive
“a subtle mind”

Question 7

mound /maʊnd/

Answer 7

1) a pile of earth or stones that looks like a small hill
“an ancient burial mound”
mound of
“a small mound of dirt”
2) a large pile of something
mound of
“There’s a mound of papers on my desk.”
“The waiter appeared with a huge mound of spaghetti.”
3 (also pitcher’s mound) the small hill that the pitcher stands on in the game of baseball

Question 8

resolve /rɪˈzɒlv/

Answer 8

1) to find a satisfactory way of dealing with a problem or difficulty SYN solve, → settle
resolve a dispute/conflict/problem etc
“The crisis was resolved by negotiations.”
“Barnet was desperate for money to resolve his financial problems.”
2) to make a definite decision to do something
resolve to do something
“After the divorce she resolved never to marry again.”
resolve that
“Mary resolved that she would stop smoking.”
3) to make a formal decision, especially by voting
resolve to do something
“The Senate resolved to accept the president’s proposals.”
4) strong determination to succeed in doing something
“Recent events strengthened her resolve to find out the truth.”

Question 9

incentive /ɪnˈsentɪv/

Answer 9

something that encourages you to work harder, start a new activity etc → motivation
“As an added incentive, there’s a bottle of champagne for the best team.”
create/provide/give somebody an incentive
“Awards provide an incentive for young people to improve their skills.”
incentive to do something
“Farmers lack any incentive to manage their land organically.”
economic/financial/tax etc incentives
“a recycling drive backed with financial incentives”

Question 10

instigate /ˈɪnstɪɡeɪt/

Answer 10

1) to make a process start, especially one relating to law or politics
“Charles instigated a programme of reforms.”
2) to persuade someone to do something bad or violent
“He accused union leaders of instigating the disturbances.”

1. تحریک کردن
2. وادار کردن
3. بر انگیختن