Lungs

Question 1

Feature of trachea

Answer 1

Contains rings of cartilage
= prevent trachea from collapsing during inhalation

Question 2

Alveoli function

Answer 2

Where gases diffuse in and out of the bloodstream

Question 3

Adaptations of alveoli

Answer 3

Huge surface area
Thin walls
= short diffusion distance
Large blood supply

Question 4

Adaptions of lungs

Answer 4

Large capillary network
= remove oxygen quickly
= bring co2 into lungs quickly
= maintain concentration gradient
Breathing moves air in and out
= bring oxygen in
= remove co2
= maintain concentration gradient
Thin capillaries
= short diffusion distance
Alveoli
= increase large surface area

Question 5

Effect of damaged Villi

Answer 5

Reduced surface area for absorption
= fewer amino acids and glucose absorbed
= less glucose transfer energy
= reduced respiration
= fewer amino acids available to build new proteins