Diseases Flashcards

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1
Q

How do tumours form

A

Changes take place in genes
= uncontrolled growth and mitosis

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2
Q

Define a benign tumour

A

Growths if abnormal cells which are found in one area
= contained within a membrane
= stay in one place

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3
Q

Define a malignant tumour

A

Malignant cells invade neighbouring tissue and move into bloodstream
= classed as a cancer
= spread to other parts of body

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4
Q

What’s radon

A

Radioactive gas which increases risk of cancer
= cause cells to undergo uncontrolled cell division
= lead to cancer

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5
Q

Cancers linked to lifestyle

A

Smoking
= lung cancer
Alcohol
= mouth and throat cancer
UV light
= skin cancer

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6
Q

Cancers linked to genetics

A

Breast cancer
Prostate cancer
Large intestine cancer

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7
Q

Describe a communicable disease

A

Can be spread from person to person
Spread by pathogens

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8
Q

Define health

A

State of physical and mental well being

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9
Q

Define epidemiology

A

Studying patterns of disease to determine risk factors

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10
Q

How does smoking affect cancer

A

Contains chemicals which damage DNA and increase risk of cancer
= carcinogens

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11
Q

Issues with samples

A

Samples are bias as not measuring whole population

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12
Q

Examples of non communicable diseases

A
  • Not caused by pathogens
    Cardiovascular diseases
    Type 2 diabetes
    Most types of cancer
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13
Q

Risk factors of cardiovascular diseases

A

Diet high in fat and low in veg
=increases certain types of cholesterol in blood
= increases rate of fatty acid build up
Diet high in salt
= increase blood pressure
= increase risk of disease
Smoking

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14
Q

Risk factors if lung cancer

A

Smoking
= contains chemicals which can trigger cancers

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15
Q

Risk factors of babies

A

Smoking when pregnant
= increases risk of miscarriage and premature birth
Alcohol when pregnant
= cause fetal alcohol syndrome
= child can have learning difficulties etc

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16
Q

Effects of alcohol on adults

A

Increase risk of liver cancer
Affect the brain
= lead to addiction and memory loss

17
Q

Describe type 2 diabetes

A

People struggle to control their blood glucose levels
= can lead to blindness or amputation

18
Q

Risk factor of type 2 diabetes

A

Obesity increases risk of diabetes

19
Q

Risk factors of obesity

A

Increase chances of
Bowel cancer
Liver cancer
Kidney cancer