Differentiation

Question 1

Adaption of sperm cells

Answer 1

Contain mitochondria to release energy to move
Very small
Long tail

Question 2

Adaption of muscle cells

Answer 2

Long so they can contract
Contain lots of mitochondria to provide energy for contraction

Question 3

Use of undifferentiated cells

Answer 3

Replace lost cells

Question 4

Adv of plant stem cells

Answer 4

Replicate rare species to reduce risk of extinction
Grow identical crop plants with desirable characteristics

Question 5

Problems with adult stem cells

Answer 5

Body may recognise as foreign like a pathogen

Question 6

Describe therapeutic cloning

Answer 6

Embryo made to have same genetics as patient who needs stem cell treatment

Question 7

Risks of therapeutic cloning

Answer 7

Stem cells may pick up a virus while being grown in lab and transfer to patient

Ethical issues
= could be a possible life

Question 8

Root hair cell adaptions

Answer 8

Hairs increase surface areas of root
= absorb water and dissolved minerals effectively
No chloroplast
= they’re underground

Question 9

Describe cell cycle

Answer 9

• dna replicates to form 2 copies of each chromosome
• cell grows and copies internal structures like mitochondria and ribosomes
  Mitosis
• one set of chromosomes pulled to each end of bell
• nucleus divides
• cytoplasm and cell membrane divide to form 2 identical cells

Question 10

Functions of mitosis

Answer 10

• growth and development of multicellular organisms
• happens during asexual reproduction
• takes place when organism replaces itself