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Spring 2020 - Physiology 1 > Lung Disease - Quiz 11 > Flashcards

Lung Disease - Quiz 11 Flashcards

1
Q

Which diseases are considered a part of COPD?

A

Emphysema

Chronic Bronchitis

Asthmatic Bronchitis

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2
Q

What causes COPD?

A

Smoking

Occupational/Environmental Exposure

Recurrent Infections

Genetics

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3
Q

What are Symptoms of COPD?

A

Cough

Dyspnea

Wheezing

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4
Q

What questions should be asked about smoking related to COPD?

A

Do You Smoke

Have you ever smoked

When did you quit

Packs Per Day

Duration

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5
Q

What should be asked about Dypnea relating to COPD?

A

Presence

Severity

Exercise Tolerance

Home O2

Baseline SpO2 on RA

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6
Q

What is the FEV1 for High Risk patients?

A

FEV1 < 2L

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7
Q

What is the FEV1/FVC for High Risk patients?

A

FEV1/FVC < 0.5

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8
Q

What is the VC for High Risk adults & kids?

A

Adult: VC < 15cc/kg

Kids: VC < 10cc/kg

or

VC < 40-50% predicted

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9
Q

What are signs of Chronic Bronchitis?

A

Cough, Sputum, Recurrent infections lasting months to years

Blue Bloaters

Crackles, Wheezes, Peripheral Edema

Caused by Smoking & Occupational Exposure

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10
Q

Who are the Blue Bloaters?

A

Usually Have Bronchitis

Young, Short, Obese, Fat Neck

OSA & Pickwickian Syndrome

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11
Q

What is Pickwickian Syndrome?

A

Obesity

Decreased Pulmonary Function

Polycythemia

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12
Q

What are the signs of Emphysema?

A

Progressive Dyspnea

Minimal Cough

Pink Puffers

Decreased Breath Sounds

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13
Q

What causes Emphysema?

A

Smoking

Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency
(Autodigestion of Lungs)

Coal Miners

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14
Q

What happens to the Lungs with Emphysema?

A

Destruction of Elastic & Collagen Network

Enlarged Air Spaces

Airway Narrow & Collapse during Exhalation

Air Trapping

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15
Q

Who are the Pink Puffers?

A

Usually have Emphysema w/ Minimal Cough

Thin & Elderly

Pursed Lip Breathers for Auto-Peep & Air Trapping

Hyperinflated & Barrel Chest

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16
Q

What are some complications of Emphysema?

A

Pneumothorax d/t bullae

Weight loss d/t work of breathing

17
Q

What are some complications of Chronic Bronchitis?

A

Polycythemia

Pulmonary HTN

Cor Pulmonale

18
Q

What are characteristics of Asthmatic Bronchitis?

A

Episodic Bronchospasm

Chronic Productive Cough

Airway Obstruction

Progression of Asthma

Only Partially Reversible

19
Q

How much does smoking increase CarboxyHb and the the risks for CAD & Post-Op Lung complications?

A

CAD: 2x risk

Post Op Lung Problems: 6x risk

COHb: 15% increase

20
Q

How does Nicotine affect the body?

A

Stimulates SNS to release catecholamiens –> ↑HR, ↑BP, ↑SVR

Lasts 30 min from last cigg

21
Q

What steps should be taking for intubating smokers?

A

Preoxygenate Well

Wait Until Patient is Deep before airway Manipulation

22
Q

What is the most commonly used Tobacco Product?

A

E-Ciggs

23
Q

How long should patients stop smoking before surgery?

A

12 Hours

Reduce COHb & Nicotine to normal levels

24
Q

What happens after smoking is stopped for 8 Weeks?

A

Reduction of Post-Op Lung Problems

25
Q

What happens after smoking stops for 2 Years?

A

MI risk will be the same as Non-Smoker

26
Q

What happens after 2 to 10 days of not smoking?

A

Decrease in Airway Activity at 2 Days

Same as Nonsmoker at 10 days

27
Q

How should the vent be managed for COPD patients?

A

Change I:E to 1:3

Monitor PIP (rupture bullae/bleb)

Keep EtCO2 near baseline

28
Q

Which drugs should be avoided in COPD patients?

A

Histamine Releasing Drugs

STP - Pentothal

Morphine

Atracurium

Mivacurium

Neostigmine

Give Nebs b4 extubating

29
Q

What is Asthma?

A

Airway Hyper-Reactivity

Bronchial Wall Inflammation

Variably Reversible Airflow Obstruction

30
Q

What is the PEFP for Moderate & Severe Asthma?

A

Moderate Asthma: PEFP 40-60%

Severe Asthma: PEFP < 40%

31
Q

Which population has Increased Asthmas Severity?

A

Adult Females

32
Q

What is the Drug of Choice for Induction for Asthma Patients?

A

Ketamine d/t Bronchodilation, but will incease secretions

Give Robinul

Spring 2020 - Physiology 1 (24 decks)

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