Lumbar Spine Flashcards
what is the ROM for lumbar extension?
25-35 degrees
what is the ROM for lumbar flexion?
50 degrees
What are the features of the lumbar vertebra?
- Vertebra bodies are larger and more kidney shaped
- Short, thick SP’s
- Long, thin TP’s
How does the lumbar vertebral canal differ from the cervical and thoracic?
it is trinagular and smaller
where is the lamina found on the lumbar veretbrae bodies?
bony bar between TP and SP (one on each side)
What makes up the lumbosacral joint?
Articulations between the first sacral segment, L5 and intervertebral discs
what does a motion segemnt consist of?
consists of 2 adjecnet vertebrae, the intervening intervertebral disc in between and the nerve root from the intervertebral foramen.
what does the intervertebral disc consist of?
2 vertebral end plates on either side
Annulus fibrosis
Nucleus pulposis- oval shape, made up of mostly water, jelly like structure
What is disc herniation?
slipped disc
how does disc herniation occur?
occurs when the soft inner core (nucleus pulposis) of an intervertebral disc protudes through the tough outer layer (annulus fibrosis) and puts pressure on a near by nerve or the spinal cord.
what are the stages of disc herniation?
-Disc degeneration
-Proplapse
-Extrusion
-Sequestration
what is the ROM for lumbar side flexion?
15-20 degrees in each direction (very little in lumbosacral region)
what is the ROM for lumbar rotation?
3-18 degrees in each direction (very little in lumbosacral region)
what is the O/I/A of the quadratus lumborum muscle?
reveresed origin and insertion
O: iliolumbar ligament and iliac crest
I: TP’s of L1-L4 + lower posterior border of rib 12
A: hip hike, side flexion and extension
what is the O/I/A of the mutifidus?
Reveresed origin and insertion
O: sacrum, PIIS, iliac crest
I: SP’s of vertebrae
A: extension, stabiliser
