LSA Flashcards
What documents tell us about LSA?
SOLAS, Chapter III - Says everyone SHALL have certain equipment
LSA code - Says what equipment IS (Dimensions, operational requirements etc)
Large yacht Code (LY3) - Says how many items we must have
Where do we find information on LSA on board?
Where do we find location for LSA on board?
SOLAS training Manual
Fire and Safety Plan
What is found in a SOLAS pack A Life Raft?
Knife by the door
2 Quoits with 30m of line
2x paddles
Food rations 10000 kJ p/p
Water Rations 1.5L p/p
1x Fishing kit
Anti Sea sickness medication for 48 hrs & 1x bag p/p
6 h/h flares
4 rocket flares
2 Buoyant Smoke signals
Heliograph Mirror
1x Whistle
Radar Reflector
Category C First Aid Kit
Survival handbook
Immediate action instructions
Life saving signals card
Thermal Protective Aids (TPA)
2 sea anchors
2 sponges
1x scissor
1x tin opener
1x Rust proof graduated drinking vessel
SOLAS PACK A marking
What is the difference between the contents of SOLAS pack A/B?
Where would we be required to carry SOLAS pack A/B?
Pack B contains less as it is for Coastal/NearCoastal Navigation
We are required to carry SOLAS pack A outside 60nm
Pack B within 60nm
Which yachts require life boats?
≥85m
What Markings can we find on a Life raft?
- Makers name or trade mark
- Serial Number
- The date of manufacture
- The name of the approving authority
- The name and place of servicing station where last serviced
- Number of persons it is permitted to carry
Markings on Housing for an Inflatable Life Raft
- Makers name or trademark
- Serial Number
- Date last serviced
- SOLAS markings (now UK conformity mark)
- Type of SOLAS pack enclosed
- Length of painter
- Max height permitted for stowage above waterline
- Launching instructions
- Identity card in W-P tubing
- No. of Persons permitted to carry
Primary actions in a life raft
Always step UP into a life raft. Stay on board as long as possible
CUT- the painter
STREAM - the drogue/EPIRB
CLOSE - the life raft, contain warmth from body heat
MAINTAIN - life, integrity of the life raft (plug, Drain etc)
Secondary Actions in a life raft
(what do WE do as the responsible officer in charge)
Issue seasickness tablets (ideally before boarding)
Treat any injuries
Bail out any water and dry with sponges
Warm any cold persons with extra clothes or TPAS
Search for survivors
Make a large target by joining with other rafts or craft
Read the survival handbook
Post a lookout rotation
Delegate tasks to make everyone feel more comfortable and to give them a role
Talk to passengers and calm any loud mouths
Place RADAR reflector 1m above water
What is an HRU?
What depth does it deploy automatically?
What pieces of equipment use HRUs?
Hydrostatic Release Unit
1.5-4m
Life raft, EPIRB
What is a weak link and why do we have it?
A weak link is a part of the HRU, onto which we attach the painter (RED middle section)
This is designed to allow the painter to tug on the life raft and inflate it. By the time the raft is inflated, the pressure on the line will allow it to break and float free of the sinking ship
PARTS of an HRU
Yellow bight, attached to SENHOUSE slip
Red weak link, Attached to PAINTER
Black eye, Fixed to strong point on deck
What is the period of validity for an HRU?
2 years from instillation
What is a Rescue Boat
A high speed craft, kept on board the ship, used ONLY for rescue operations
Kept in a state of readiness for launching within 5 minutes, up to 5 knots
What is contained in a Rescue Boat?
Sponsons fitted with retro reflective tape
2x Quoits with 30m of line
1x buoyant line 50m long
Oars
Buoyant Bailer
Jasons Cradle
Sea Anchor
Painter
Compass
HH torch, spare globe and batteries
Searchlight
First aid kit
Whistle
Fire extinguisher
White all round light attached to separate battery
Safety knife
2x Sponges
Manual bellows
Repair kit
Safety boat hook
Procedure for Launching a Rescue Boat
SHIP SPECIFIC instructions will be found in the SOLAS training manual (manufacturers instructions)
- Remove covers, lashings and charging cable
- Rig painter forwards
- RB crew standing by with appropriate PPE
- Comms established between Officer and Bridge
- Ensure engine runs
- Ensure On/Off load hook rigged properly
- Inspect equipment (crane, Hook, strong points, tag lines)
- On order from bridge, slew out, lower without crew first (look over side)
- Bring boat up, Board crew and launch
- Coxswain releases hook and use engines to manoeuvre away from ship
- Reset quick release mechanism and stow for recovery
What is in MSN 1722 (M+F) ?
MSN 1722
Guidelines for Training Crews for the Purpose of Launching Lifeboats and Rescue Boats from Ships Making Headway through the Water
Do we fire a Line throwing device upwind or downwind?
Downwind
Markings found on life jackets
Makers name or trademark
SOLAS retro reflective tape
The words “persons of 32kg or more”
The words “FRONT” printed on the front
Year of manufacture
Launching a life raft
- Establish comms with the Bridge
- Check painter is secured to a strong point
- Check over the side
- Let go lashings/Senhouse slip
- Remove railings if necessary, Throw boarding ladder over the side
- Throw life raft and pull the painter to open the gas bottle
What is an EPIRB?
How does it work?
Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon
Alerts Shore authorities to a Casualty at sea. Operates on 406Mhz, sends signals to the COSPAS SARSAT satellite system
Geostationary satellites pick up the signal and alert to a distress signal
Polar Orbiting satellites give the information on where the casualty is located
These signals are sent to a LUT (Local User Terminal) which then transmits this information to a MRCC (Marine Rescue Co-ordination Centre)
The MRCC then organises SAR, and Homes in on the EPIRB on the 121.5mHz Band
Operating time of an EPIRB
How does it Operate?
48 hours
Manually, by flicking up the tag, and holding down (depending on the manufacturer)
Automatically, via Release from an HRU
Streaming in the water behind a Life Raft, Whereby the contactors are activated by salt water, and the light will Strobe
What is a SART?
How does it operate?
Search and Rescue Transponder
Alerts vessels or aircraft to the location of a casualty
Placed at least 1m above sea level
Interrogated by an X band, 9-10GHz RADAR
Will be seen as a series of 12 dots as a vessel approaches the casualty, closest is the casualty
As the vessel gets closer, these dots turn to arcs
Finally, within 1nm, the arcs turn to concentric circles
How does an AIS SART work?
How long will it transmit for?
How Often is information transmitted?
It sends a Signal via VHF, be picked up by an ECDIS
Once activated it will transmit for 96 hours
Unique identifier/Position every 8 minutes
Safety message “ACTIVE SART” every 4 minutes
Operational time of a SART
Detection range by: SAR aircraft
Ship
96 hours standby
8 hours transmitting time once interrogated
Aircraft: About 30nm
Ship: About 5nm
What is the: GA alarm
Fire alarm
MOB alarm
7 short or more and 1 long
Continuous sounding
3 long (Morse Oscar)
How would you go about performing safety equipment checks?
Establish what needs to be done today through SMS
Deck by deck location (fire safety plan)
Ship specific checks will be in manufactures instructions and the SOLAS training manual
When should immersion suits be sent away?
Every two years for an air tightness test
If air tight it is watertight
Actions taken should we notice a piece of damaged LSA whilst doing rounds at sea
Remove this from Operation and replace
If we cannot replace at sea:
Inform safety officer
Log in the LSA log book
Non conformity
Bring it before the safety committee meeting
Investigate the route cause of it
WE CANNOT PROCEED TO SEA AGAIN UNTIL THIS IS RECTIFIED
Where can we dispose of flares?
Agent
Coastguard
Police
Fire brigade
LSA provider
Launching rescue craft (RIB orange rescue boat)
- Release lashings/uncover and unplug
- Ensure full muster of rescue team
- Secure hook to the falls
- Secure painter line forward
- Ensure equipment is on board and bungs in
- Ensure Outboard will run and test
- Check over the side and inform Master of readiness
Launching davit controlled life boat
- All Personnel Mustered
- Rig Painter FWD
- Release Senhouse slip holding GRIPES, ensure harbour pins are out
- Helmsman enters boat first, fits plug and prepares engine
- Life jackets and distribution of weight
- Start engine and leave running in neutral
- Lowered by pulling on brake wire, or manually by brake lever on deck
- At W/L, release brake wire and hook from falls
- Check falls have been released and clear
- Remove painter and move clear of ship using engine
OFF Load hook setting is:
When weight takes that of the RB or LB, hook will release from falls
ON load hook setting is:
Can be released at any time manually
If a RB is in the water and Off load hook has not released:
Release manually via ON LOAD pull chord
With regards to LSA:
Which International regulations tell us what to do
Which MGN gives us Guidance
What On board procedures do we have?
SOLAS CH 3
MGN 560
SOLAS training manual and SMS
When running a RB drill, we always do what before launching with men on board
Run drill WITHOUT crew on board first, then launch with crew
Weekly checks of LSA
Visual inspection of the RB
Run RB outboard for a period of 3 minutes
Test GA Alarm
How long should emergency lighting last?
18h
