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Anatomy > Lower limb (Thigh) > Flashcards

Lower limb (Thigh) Flashcards

1
Q

Iliopsoas Muscle

A

Origin:
Lumbar vertebrae, iliac crest, iliac fossa, sacrum

Insertion:
Lesser trochanter of femur

Innervation:
Anterior rami of lumbar spinal never, femoral nerve

Function:
Flex thigh at hip joint

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2
Q

Pectineus Muscle

A

Origin:
Superior ramus of pubis

Insertion:
Shaft of femur just distal to lesser trochanter

Innervation: Femoral nerve

Function:

aDDuct/ flex thigh at hip joint, medial rotation

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3
Q

Sartorius muscle

A

Origin:
Anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion:
Proximomedial tibia

Innervation
Femoral nerve

Function
Flexes, ADDucts/laterally rotates thigh at hip, flexes leg at knee

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4
Q

Rectus Femoris muscle

A

Origin:
Anterior inferior iliac spine

Insertion:
Quadriceps tendon to patella/patellar ligament

Innervation:
Femoral nerve

Function
Extend leg at the knee, flexes thigh at hip

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5
Q

Vastus intermedius (muscle)

A

Origin:
Anterior shaft of femur

Insertion:
Quadriceps tendon to patella/patellar ligament

Innervation:
Femoral nerve

Function:
Extends leg at knee

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5
Q

Vastus medialis (muscle)

A

Origin:
Medial shaft of femur

Insertion:
Quadriceps tendon to patella/patellar ligament

Innervation:
Femoral nerve

Function:
extends leg at knee

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5
Q

Vastus lateralis (muscle)

A

Origin
Greater trochanter, lateral shaft of femur

Insertion:
Quadriceps tendon to patella/patellar ligament

Innervation
Femoral nerve

Function
extends leg at knee

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6
Q

Gracilis (muscle)

A

Origin:
Inferior pubis

Insertion:
Proximomedial tibia

Innervation:
Obturator nerve

Function:
ADDuct thigh at hip, flexes leg at knee, medial rotation of leg

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7
Q

Adductor longus (muscle)

A

Origin

Insertion
Medial shaft of femur

Innervation:
Obturator nerve

Function
ADDuct thigh at hip

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8
Q

Adductor brevis (muscle)

A

Origin:
Inferior pubis

Insertion:
Anteromedial femur just distal to lesser trochanter

Innervation:
Obturator nerve

Function:
ADDuct thigh at hip

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9
Q

Adductor magnus (muscle)

A

Origin:

Inferior pubis, inferior ischium/ischial tuberosity

Insertion:
Posteromedial surface of femur along its length, ADDuctor tubercle

Innervation:
Obturator nerve, sciatic nerve

Function
ADDuct thigh at hip, capable of extension/flexion at hip too

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10
Q

Tensor fasciae latae (muscle)

A

Origin:
Anterior superior iliac spine, anterior iliac crest

Insertion:
Iliotibial tract

Innervation:
Superior gluteal nerve

Function:
Abduct thigh at hip, medial rotation of hip, keep hips level when walking,

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11
Q

Biceps femoris (muscle)

A

Origin:

Ischial tuberosity (long head), distolateral femur (short head)

Insertion:
Lateral head of fibula

Innervation:
Sciatic nerve

Function:
Flexes leg at knee, rotation of leg, extends thigh at hip

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12
Q

Semitendinosus (muscle)

A

Origin:
Ischial tuberosity

Insertion:
Medial surface of proximal tibia

Innervation:
Sciatic nerve

Function:
Flexes leg at knee, rotation of leg, extends thigh at hip

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13
Q

Semimembranosus (muscle)

A

Origin:
Ischial tuberosity

Insertion:
Posteromedial surface of proximal tibia

Innervation:
Sciatic nerve

Function:
Flexes leg at knee, rotation of leg, extends thigh at hip

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14
Q

Iliotibial tract (IT band)

A

Origin:
Tensor fasciae latae, gluteus maximus

Distribution:
proximolateral tibia

Notes: Thickened part of myofascia covering muscles in thigh

15
Q

Quadriceps tendon

A

Origin:
Quadriceps muscle group

Distribution:
Patella

Notes: blends into patellar ligament distally

16
Q

Patellar ligament

A

Origin
Patella

Distribution:
Tibial tuberosity

17
Q

Anterior cruciate ligament

A

Origin:
Posteromedial side of lateral condyle of femur

Distribution:
Anteromedial aspect of intercondylar area of tibia

Notes: Unhappy triad, restricts anterior drawer

18
Q

Posterior cruciate ligament

A

Origin:
Anteromedial side of medial condyle of femur

Distribution:
Posterior intercondylar area of tibia

Notes: restricts posterior drawer

19
Q

Lateral meniscus

A

Origin:
Popliteus tendon, small ligaments of lateral knee

Distribution:
Border of lateral articulation between femur/tibia, intercondylar area

20
Q

Medial meniscus

A

Origin:
PCL (posterior cruciate ligament), medial collateral ligament

Distribution:
Border of medial articulation between femur/tibia, anteriomedial tibia

Notes: Unhappy triad

21
Q

Fibular (lateral) collateral ligament

A

Origin:
Lateral epicondyle of femur

Distribution:
head of fibula

Notes: unhappy triad

22
Q

Tibial (medial) collateral ligament

A

Origin:
Medial epicondyle of femur

Distribution:
Medial surface of shaft of tibia

Notes: unhappy triad

23
Q

Femoral artery

A

Arises from: External iliac artery

Drains into:
Deep femoral artery, femoral circumflex arteries, popliteal artery

Notes: artery of anterior thigh

24
Q

Deep femoral artery

A

Arises from: Femoral artery

Enters/drains into: Posterior compartment of thigh

25
Q

Femoral circumflex arteries

A

Arises from:
Femoral artery

Drains into:
Neck/head of femur

Notes: Lateral and medial branches

26
Q

Popliteal artery

A

Arises from:
Femoral artery

Drains into: Anterior/posterior tibial arteries

27
Q

Femoral vein

A

Arises from:
Popliteal vein, deep femoral vein, great saphenous vein

Drains into:
External iliac vein

28
Q

Popliteal vein

A

Arises from:
Anterior/posterior tibial veins

Drains into
Femoral vein

29
Q

Great saphenous vein

A

Arises from
Skin of medial thigh/leg

Drains into:
femoral vein

30
Q

Femoral nerve

A

spinal cord levels: L2-L4
Source: Lumbar plexus (L2-L4)

Destination: runs from lumbar nerve over ilipsoas (under iliopsoas fascia), below inguinal ligament, into thigh where it branches

Innervates:
Anterior compartment muscles, skin of anterior thigh

31
Q

Saphenous nerve

A

Spinal cord levels: L3-L4
Source: Femoral nerve

Destination:
Runs with femoral artery and vein toward the ADDuctor canal, does not pass through the canel, runs under sartorius to medial leg to travel with great saphenous vein

Innervates: Sensory innervation to medial leg/foot

Notes: only femoral branch that goes past knee, does not pass through Adductor hiatus

32
Q

Sciatic Nerve

A

Spinal cord levels:
L4-S3

Source:
Lumbar trunk of lumbar plexus (L4/L5), sacral plexus S1-S3

Destination:
Emerges under piriformis (small muscles) in gluteal region deep to gluteus maximus, runs into posterior thigh deep to/between hamstrings/divides into tibial and common fibular nerves

Innervates:
Muscles of posterior thigh

Notes: not cutaneous innervation in thigh

33
Q

Tibial nerve

A

Spinal levels: L4-S3

Source: Sciatic nerve

Destination:
Runs under gastrocnemius and posterior leg muscles, enters tarsal tunnel to foot

Innervates:
Muscles of posterior compartment of leg

34
Q

Common fibular nerve

A

Spinal levels:
L4-S2

Source
Sciatic nerve

Destination:
Runs lateral to knee, divides into deep and superficial fibular branches to enter anterior/lateral compartment of leg

Innervates:
Skin on proximal lateral leg

35
Q
A

Anatomy (25 decks)

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