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Anatomy > Gastrointestinal Tract > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal Tract Flashcards

1
Q

The stomach enters into

A

duodenum

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2
Q

Innervation of the stomach(sympathetic, parasympathetic, sensation: reflex and pain)

A

Vagus nerve (parasympathetic)
Thoracic sympathetic trunk T5-T9 (sympathetic)
Sensation: unconscious/reflex(vagus)
Pain (sympathetic)

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3
Q

Stomach blood supply

A

Celiac trunk via L/R gastric arteries, L/R gastro-omental arteries

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4
Q

Duodenum arises from

A

Pylorus

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5
Q

Duodenum enters

A

Jejunum

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6
Q

Duodenum function

A

Site of additional digestion from products of liver/pancreas, initiate nutrient absorption

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7
Q

Duodenum blood supply

A

Celiac trunk via gastroduodenal artery, additional supply from superior mesenteric artery

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8
Q

Duodenal innervation: Parasympathetic, sympathetic, and sensation pathways

A

vagus nerve (parasympathetic); thoracic sympathetic trunk T5-T9 (sympathetic), sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)

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9
Q

Jejunum function

A

Absorption of nutrients

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10
Q

Jejunum arises from

A

Duodenum

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11
Q

Jejunum enters

A

Ileum

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12
Q

Jejunum blood supply

A

Superior mesenteric artery via intestinal arteries

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13
Q

Jejunum innervation: Parasympathetic, sympathetic, and sensation pathways

A

vagus nerve (parasympathetic); thoracic sympathetic trunk T8-T10 (sympathetic)
sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus)
pain (sympathetic)

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14
Q

Ileum arises from

A

Jejunum

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15
Q

Ileum enters into

A

Cecum

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16
Q

Ileum blood supply

A

superior mesenteric artery via intestinal arteries, Ileocolic artery

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17
Q

Ileum innervation: Parasympathetic, sympathetic, and sensation pathways

A

vagus nerve (parasympathetic) thoracic sympathetic trunk T8-T10 (sympathetic)
sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)

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18
Q

What is the ileocecal valve?

A

Muscular valve at the junction of ileum and cecum

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19
Q

Ileocecal valve function

A

Regulates passage of digestion from ileum to cecum (between small and large intestines)

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20
Q

Cecum function

A

Absorption of water, concentration of feces

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21
Q

The cecum arises from

A

ileum

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22
Q

The cecum enters

A

The ascending colon

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23
Q

Cecum blood supply

A

Superior mesenteric artery via ileocolic artery

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24
Q

Cecum innervation: Parasympathetic, sympathetic, and sensation pathways

A

vagus nerve (parasympathetic); thoracic sympathetic trunk ~T10 (sympathetic)
sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)

25
Q

Vermiform appendix function

A

No major function-hypothesized minor immune or gut microbiota function

26
Q

Vermiform aapendix enters

A

Cecum

27
Q

Ascending colon arises from

A

Cecum

28
Q

Ascending colon enters

A

Transverse colon

29
Q

Ascending colon blood supply

A

Superior mesenteric artery via right colic artery

30
Q

Ascending colon innervation: Parasympathetic, sympathetic, and sensation pathways

A

vagus nerve (parasympathetic) thoracic sympathetic trunk T10-T12 (sympathetic)
sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)

31
Q

Taeniae coli

A

Band of connective tissue for attachment of muscle of large intestine

32
Q

Haustra

A

Sacculations of the large intestine giving distinct “segmented” appearance

33
Q

Hepatic flexure

A

Junction between ascending and transverse colon on right side near liver

34
Q

Transverse colon arises from

A

Ascending colon

35
Q

Transverse colon enters

A

Descending colon

36
Q

Transverse colon blood supply

A

Superior mesenteric artery via middle colic artery

37
Q

Transverse colon innervation:Parasympathetic, sympathetic, and sensation pathways

A

vagus nerve (parasympathetic) thoracic sympathetic trunk T10-T12 (sympathetic)
sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)

38
Q

Splenic flexure

A

Junction between transverse and descending colon on left side near liver (junction of midgut and hindgut)

39
Q

Descending colon arises from

A

Transverse colon

40
Q

Descending colon enters

A

Sigmoid colon

41
Q

Sigmoid colon arises from

A

Descending colon

42
Q

Sigmoid colon enters

A

Rectum

43
Q

Sigmoid colon blood supply

A

Inferior mesenteric artery via sigmoid arteries

44
Q

Sigmoid colon innervation: Parasympathetic, sympathetic, and sensation pathways

A

pelvic splanchnic nerves S2-S4 (parasympathetic)
abdominal sympathetic trunk L1-L2 (sympathetic)
sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (pelvic splanchnic) pain (sympathetic)

45
Q

Rectum function

A

Passage of feces out of digestive tract via anus

46
Q

Rectum arises from

A

Sigmoid colon

47
Q

Rectum enters

A

Anus

48
Q

Rectum blood supply

A

Inferior mesenteric artery via superior rectal branches, internal iliac artery

49
Q

Rectum innervation: Parasympathetic, sympathetic, and sensation pathways

A

pelvic splanchnic nerves S2-S4 (parasympathetic)
abdominal sympathetic trunk L1-L2 (sympathetic)
sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex & pain (pelvic splanchnic)

50
Q

Accessory GI organs: Liver function

A

Produce bile to digest fats

51
Q

Accessory GI organs: Liver blood supply

A

Celiac trunk via proper hepatic artery

52
Q

Accessory GI organs: Liver innervation

A

vagus nerve (parasympathetic) thoracic sympathetic trunk T5-T9 (sympathetic)
sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)

53
Q

Accessory GI organs: Gallbladder function

A

Stores bile, contracts to release stored bile

54
Q

Accessory GI organs: Gallbladder Blood supply

A

Celiac trunk via cystic artery off proper hepatic

55
Q

Accessory GI organs: Gallbladder innervation

A

vagus nerve (parasympathetic) thoracic sympathetic trunk T5-T9 (sympathetic)
sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)

56
Q

Accessory GI organs: Pancreas function

A

Produces digestive enzymes to break down food, bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid, hormones to regulate sugar metabolism

57
Q

Accessory GI organs: Pancreas blood supply

A

Celiac trunk via splenic artery, some supply from gastroduodenal and superior mesenteric arteries (pancreaticoduodenal arteries)

58
Q

Accessory GI organs: Pancreas innervation

A

vagus nerve (parasympathetic); thoracic sympathetic trunk T5-T9 (sympathetic)
sensation pathways: unconscious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)

Anatomy (25 decks)

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