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Gastrointestinal Tract Flashcards

1
Q

The stomach enters into

A

duodenum

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2
Q

Innervation of the stomach(sympathetic, parasympathetic, sensation: reflex and pain)

A

Vagus nerve (parasympathetic)
Thoracic sympathetic trunk T5-T9 (sympathetic)
Sensation: unconscious/reflex(vagus)
Pain (sympathetic)

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3
Q

Stomach blood supply

A

Celiac trunk via L/R gastric arteries, L/R gastro-omental arteries

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4
Q

Duodenum arises from

A

Pylorus

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5
Q

Duodenum enters

A

Jejunum

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6
Q

Duodenum function

A

Site of additional digestion from products of liver/pancreas, initiate nutrient absorption

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7
Q

Duodenum blood supply

A

Celiac trunk via gastroduodenal artery, additional supply from superior mesenteric artery

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8
Q

Duodenal innervation: Parasympathetic, sympathetic, and sensation pathways

A

vagus nerve (parasympathetic); thoracic sympathetic trunk T5-T9 (sympathetic), sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)

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9
Q

Jejunum function

A

Absorption of nutrients

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10
Q

Jejunum arises from

A

Duodenum

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11
Q

Jejunum enters

A

Ileum

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12
Q

Jejunum blood supply

A

Superior mesenteric artery via intestinal arteries

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13
Q

Jejunum innervation: Parasympathetic, sympathetic, and sensation pathways

A

vagus nerve (parasympathetic); thoracic sympathetic trunk T8-T10 (sympathetic)
sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus)
pain (sympathetic)

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14
Q

Ileum arises from

A

Jejunum

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15
Q

Ileum enters into

A

Cecum

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16
Q

Ileum blood supply

A

superior mesenteric artery via intestinal arteries, Ileocolic artery

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17
Q

Ileum innervation: Parasympathetic, sympathetic, and sensation pathways

A

vagus nerve (parasympathetic) thoracic sympathetic trunk T8-T10 (sympathetic)
sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)

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18
Q

What is the ileocecal valve?

A

Muscular valve at the junction of ileum and cecum

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19
Q

Ileocecal valve function

A

Regulates passage of digestion from ileum to cecum (between small and large intestines)

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20
Q

Cecum function

A

Absorption of water, concentration of feces

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21
Q

The cecum arises from

A

ileum

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22
Q

The cecum enters

A

The ascending colon

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23
Q

Cecum blood supply

A

Superior mesenteric artery via ileocolic artery

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24
Q

Cecum innervation: Parasympathetic, sympathetic, and sensation pathways

A

vagus nerve (parasympathetic); thoracic sympathetic trunk ~T10 (sympathetic)
sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)

25
Vermiform appendix function
No major function-hypothesized minor immune or gut microbiota function
26
Vermiform aapendix enters
Cecum
27
Ascending colon arises from
Cecum
28
Ascending colon enters
Transverse colon
29
Ascending colon blood supply
Superior mesenteric artery via right colic artery
30
Ascending colon innervation: Parasympathetic, sympathetic, and sensation pathways
vagus nerve (parasympathetic) thoracic sympathetic trunk T10-T12 (sympathetic) sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)
31
Taeniae coli
Band of connective tissue for attachment of muscle of large intestine
32
Haustra
Sacculations of the large intestine giving distinct "segmented" appearance
33
Hepatic flexure
Junction between ascending and transverse colon on right side near liver
34
Transverse colon arises from
Ascending colon
35
Transverse colon enters
Descending colon
36
Transverse colon blood supply
Superior mesenteric artery via middle colic artery
37
Transverse colon innervation:Parasympathetic, sympathetic, and sensation pathways
vagus nerve (parasympathetic) thoracic sympathetic trunk T10-T12 (sympathetic) sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)
38
Splenic flexure
Junction between transverse and descending colon on left side near liver (junction of midgut and hindgut)
39
Descending colon arises from
Transverse colon
40
Descending colon enters
Sigmoid colon
41
Sigmoid colon arises from
Descending colon
42
Sigmoid colon enters
Rectum
43
Sigmoid colon blood supply
Inferior mesenteric artery via sigmoid arteries
44
Sigmoid colon innervation: Parasympathetic, sympathetic, and sensation pathways
pelvic splanchnic nerves S2-S4 (parasympathetic) abdominal sympathetic trunk L1-L2 (sympathetic) sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (pelvic splanchnic) pain (sympathetic)
45
Rectum function
Passage of feces out of digestive tract via anus
46
Rectum arises from
Sigmoid colon
47
Rectum enters
Anus
48
Rectum blood supply
Inferior mesenteric artery via superior rectal branches, internal iliac artery
49
Rectum innervation: Parasympathetic, sympathetic, and sensation pathways
pelvic splanchnic nerves S2-S4 (parasympathetic) abdominal sympathetic trunk L1-L2 (sympathetic) sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex & pain (pelvic splanchnic)
50
Accessory GI organs: Liver function
Produce bile to digest fats
51
Accessory GI organs: Liver blood supply
Celiac trunk via proper hepatic artery
52
Accessory GI organs: Liver innervation
vagus nerve (parasympathetic) thoracic sympathetic trunk T5-T9 (sympathetic) sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)
53
Accessory GI organs: Gallbladder function
Stores bile, contracts to release stored bile
54
Accessory GI organs: Gallbladder Blood supply
Celiac trunk via cystic artery off proper hepatic
55
Accessory GI organs: Gallbladder innervation
vagus nerve (parasympathetic) thoracic sympathetic trunk T5-T9 (sympathetic) sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)
56
Accessory GI organs: Pancreas function
Produces digestive enzymes to break down food, bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid, hormones to regulate sugar metabolism
57
Accessory GI organs: Pancreas blood supply
Celiac trunk via splenic artery, some supply from gastroduodenal and superior mesenteric arteries (pancreaticoduodenal arteries)
58
Accessory GI organs: Pancreas innervation
vagus nerve (parasympathetic); thoracic sympathetic trunk T5-T9 (sympathetic) sensation pathways: unconscious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)

Anatomy (25 decks)

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