Abdominal Cavity Accessory GI organs/Non-GI Organs Flashcards
Liver Function
Produces bile to digest fats, filters blood from portal circulation
Gallbladder Function
Stores bile, contracts to release stored bile
Liver Blood Supply & Innervation
Blood: Celiac trunk via proper hepatic artery
Innervation: vagus nerve (parasympathetic); thoracic sympathetic trunk T5-T9 (sympathetic), sensation pathways: unconscious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)
Foregut
Gallbladder Blood Supply & Innervation
Blood: Celiac trunk via cystic artery off proper hepatic
Innervation: vagus nerve (parasympathetic); thoracic sympathetic trunk T5-T9 (sympathetic), sensation pathways: unconscious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)
Foregut, positioned against right lobe of liver
Pancreas Function
Produces digestive enzymes to break down food, bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid, hormones to regulate sugar metabolism
Pancreas Blood Supply & Innervation
Blood: Celiac trunk via splenic artery, some supply from gastroduodenal and superior mesenteric arteries (pancreaticoduodenal arteries)
Innervation: vagus nerve (parasympathetic); thoracic sympathetic trunk T5-T9 (sympathetic), sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)
Foregut, posterior to stomach, tail is nestled next to spleen
Spleen Function
Blood reservoir in adult
Spleen Blood Supply & Innervation
Blood: Splenic artery
Innervation: vagus nerve (parasympathetic); thoracic sympathetic trunk T5-T9 (sympathetic), sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)
Kidney Function
Urine concentration, salt and water balance
Kidney Blood Supply & Innervation
Blood: Renal arteries
Innervation: vagus nerve (parasympathetic); thoracic sympathetic trunk T10-T12 (sympathetic), sensation pathways: unconscious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)
Located retroperitoneally along body wall encapsulated in fat. Just inferior to liver/spleen
Renal pyramids Function
Produce and concentrate urine from filtrate
Renal pyramids Blood Supply & Innervation
Same As Kidney
Notes: Main portion of medulla-darker color than cortex
Cortex Function
Regulates water balance in blood
Outermost layer of kidney
Blood supply/ Innervation same as kidney
Major calyx Function
Collect urine from minor calyces
Several minor calyces join to form major calyx
Blood supply/ Innervation same as kidney
Minor calyx Function
Collect urine from renal pyramids
Each renal pyramid has it’s own minor calyx
Blood supply/ Innervation same as kidney
Suprarenal gland Function
Produce hormones to regulate stress and other metabolic functions
Renal pelvis Function
Collect urine from major calyces to drain into ureter
Junction between calyces and ureter-common location for kidney stones to be trapped
Blood supply/ innervation same as kidney
Suprarenal gland Blood Supply & Innervation
Blood: Suprarenal arteries
Innervation: vagus nerve (parasympathetic); thoracic sympathetic trunk T10-T12 (sympathetic), sensation pathways: unconscious/reflex (vagus) pain (sympathetic)
Located superior to each kidney
Common Hepatic Duct Arises From/Drains
Hepatic ducts of liver
Common Hepatic Duct Enters/Drains Into
Common bile duct
Cystic duct Enters/Drains Into
Common bile duct
Notes: Relationship with the cystic artery is variable and important for surgery
Cystic duct Arises From/Drains
Gallbladder
Common bile duct Arises From/Drains
Common hepatic duct, cystic duct
Common bile duct Enters/Drains Into
Major duodenal papilla
Ureter Arises From/Drains
Renal pelvis
Ureter Enters/Drains Into
Bladder
Notes: Passes inferiorly over external iliac artery/pelvic inlet-common location for kidney stone lodging, another location is the junction between renal pelvis and ureter, and between the ureter and bladder
