Long QT Syndrome Flashcards
What is Long QT syndrome?
Inherited condition associated with delayed repolarization of the ventricles.
What can long QT syndrome result in?
Ventricular tachycardia
Torsade de pointes
What is a normal QT interval in males?
430 ms in males
What is a normal QT interval in females?
450 ms in females.
What are the congenital causes of Lomg QT syndrome?
- Jervell-Lange-Nielsen syndrome
- Romano-Ward syndrome
What is Jervell-Lange-Nielsen syndrome associated with?
Deafness
It is due to an abnormal potassium channel
What is Romano-Ward syndrome associated with?
No deafness
What are the electrolyte causes of Long QT syndrome?
hypocalcaemia
hypokalaemia, hypomagnesaemia
What are the possible drug causes of Long QT syndrome?
- amiodarone, sotalol, class 1a antiarrhythmic drugs
- tricyclic antidepressants, SSRI (citalopram)
- methadone
- chloroquine
- terfenadine**
- erythromycin
- haloperidol
- ondanestron
What are the other possible causes of Long QT syndrome?
- acute myocardial infarction
- myocarditis
- hypothermia
- subarachnoid haemorrhage
What is Long QT1 associated with?
Exertional syncope, often swimming
What is Long QT2 associated with?
Syncope occurring following emotional stress, exercise or auditory stimuli
What is Long QT3 associated with?
Events often occur at night or at rest
What can Long QT syndrome result in?
Sudden cardiac death
What is the main medical management of Long QT syndrome?
Beta Blockers
