Loco EOYS Flashcards
which ligaments do we find around elbow joint [3] what do they help cause movement of ? [3]
ligaments:
- radial collateral ligament
- ulnar collateral ligaments
- *reinforce hinge movement**
anular ligament: encircles the head of the radius and keeps in the radial notch of the ulnar: creates proximal radioulnar joint - pronation and supination of the formarm
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/383/360/621/a_image_thumb.png?1648841662)
which muscles are used to flex your forarm when:
a) pronated
b) supinated
pronated forearm - brachialis used to flex elbow joint
supinated forarm - brachiali and bicep brachii flex elbow joints
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/383/360/618/a_image_thumb.png?1648840835)
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where do the the rhomboids and levator scapulae run from?
which movements do they cause?
rhomboids
medial aspect of scapula to upper thoracic vertebra. muscle fibres cause retraction of scapula
- *levator scapulae:**
- neck to superior aspect of scapular
- elevates scapula
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/383/360/588/a_image_thumb.png?1648832830)
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![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/383/360/601/a_image_thumb.png?1648837802)
what is the scapula-humeral rthym?
First 30 degrees of shoulder elevation involves a “setting phase”:
- the movement is largely glenohumeral.
- scapulothoracic movement is small and inconsistent.
And after the first 30 degrees of shoulder elevation:
- The glenohumeral and scapulothoracic joints move simultaneously.
- Overall 2:1 ratio of glenohumeral to scapulothoracic movement.
(e.g. when the arm is abducted 180 degrees, 60 degrees by rotation of the scapula & 120 degrees occurs by rotation of the humerus at the glenohumeral joint)
pectoralis major and minor:
where do they run?
movements?
innervation?
pectoralis major:
most superficial: runs from humerus to medial aspect of clavicle, sternum and ribs
two heads: clavicular head & sternocostal head
movment: adduct, flex and medial rotates the shoulder (hugging muscle!)
- *pectoralis minor:**
- corocoid process to upper ribs
- not much movement - stabilises the stable joint
both innervated by pectoral nerves
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/383/360/592/a_image_thumb.png?1648832830)
what are the three muscles found in anterior compartment of upper arm? what do they do?where do they run to?
biceps brachii - two heads:
i) one from corocoid process, distally to elbow (short head)
ii) superior border of glenoid fossa, superiorly to elbow
flex shoulder
- *coracobrachialis**: corocoid process to humerus
- flex shoulder
brachialis: mid shaft of humerus to elbow
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/383/360/595/a_image_thumb.png?1648832831)
trapezius - where found?
where does it run? [3]
what are the three different fibre parts? [3] what movements do they cause [3]
trapezius
runs from occipital bone to bottom of thoracic vertebral. attaches to spine of scapula and clavicle
three parts
- descending fibres / suprior fibres = elevate (shrug shoulders)
- middle fibres = retract scapula
- ascending / inferior fibres = depress scapula
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/383/360/577/a_image_thumb.png?1648830705)
which muscle initates condcucts the first 10 degrees of abduction?
supraspinatus
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/383/360/593/a_image_thumb.jpeg?1648832830)
what movements does scapulotharacic joint permit of shoulder?
movements: [3]
* *- elevation & depression**
- protraction & retraction
- rotation - important in abduction
what are two prominent features of the glenohumeral joint?
glenoid cavity accomodates approx/ 1/3 of the humeral head: means that should can have wider range of movement
inferior joint capusule is lax. allows elevate above head. but means is much weaker than superior portion
which ligament is commonly torn in young girls?
Ulnohumeral joint
Radio humeral joint
Proximal radioulnar joint
why?
which ligament is commonly torn in young girls?
Ulnohumeral joint
Radio humeral joint
Proximal radioulnar joint
bc annular ligament if loosely attached to the ulnar in infants
nerve roots for brachial plexus?
C5-T1
- *1. latissimus dorsi muscle**
2. teres major
runs where to where?
movements? [3]
1. latissimus dorsi muscle
runs from lower thoracic vertebra onto the lumbar vertebra & iliac crest. runs from iliac crest to anterior aspect of the humerus
movements:
- extend, adduct and medially rotate the shoulder
2. teres major:
runs from:
- inferior angle of scapula to anterior aspect of humerus
movements:
- extend, adduct and medially rotate the shoulder
trapezius - where found?
where does it run? [3]
what are the three different fibre parts? [3] what movements do they cause [3]
trapezius
runs from occipital bone to bottom of thoracic vertebral. attaches to spine of scapula and clavicle
three parts
- descending fibres / suprior fibres = elevate (shrug shoulders)
- middle fibres = retract scapula
- ascending / inferior fibres = depress scapula
rotator cuff muscles:
which muscles attach to greater tubercle?
which muscles attach to lesser tubercle?
- *greater tubercle:**
- teres minor
- supraspinatus muscle
- infraspinatus muscle:
- *lesser tubercle**
- subscapularis