Local anesthetics

Question 0

anesthetic action is affected by (3)

Answer 0

diameter: smaller = faster
degree of myelination: myelinated = faster
conduction velocity: faster conduction = slower block

Question 1

local anesthetics MOA

Answer 1

block Na+ channels and inhibit neuronal firing

Question 2

ester anesthetics (4)

Answer 2

procaine
tetracaine
benzocaine
cocaine

Question 3

procaine use? (2)

Answer 3

infiltration anesthesia

diagnostic nerve blocks

Question 4

procaine SE (2)

Answer 4

its metabolite, PABA can cause:
allergic rxns
inhibit sulfonamide action

Question 5

cocaine medical use

Answer 5

reduces dental bleeding

Question 6

lidocaine use (2)

Answer 6

infiltration blocks

epidural anesthesia

Question 7

prilocaine unique SE & its treatment, 2 other SE

Answer 7

methemoglobinemia tx w/ methylene blue
greater cardiotoxicity: lipophilic, diffuses away sooner
differential block: more potent sensory than motor

Question 8

bupivicaine use (2)

Answer 8

post-op pain control

epidural during pregnancy

Question 9

Ropivacaine use (2) and SE

Answer 9

peripheral & epidural blocks

vasoconstricting at clinical doses

Question 10

Mepivacaine use

Answer 10

preferred for peripheral nerve blocks

Question 11

Etidocaine SE

Answer 11

inverse differential block: motor block before sensory block

terrifying

Question 12

Articaine unique property

Answer 12

amide w/ additional ester

2 mechanisms of elimination- allows for injection of more drug later in the procedure

Question 13

Articaine possible adverse effect

Answer 13

persistent parastesias

Question 14

Dibucaine uses (2)

Answer 14

topical anesthetic

used to test for mutations in butyrylcholinesterase activity