Asthma, COPD, Antihistamines Flashcards
Theophylline MOA
PDE inhibitor, incr. cAMP
Theophylline SE (3)
CNS (nervousness, tremor)
tachycardia
arrhythmias
Theophylline use (2)
for asthma not controlled by B-agonists
low therapeutic index- toxic
corticosteroids SE (2)
thrush
hoarseness
leukotriene receptor antagonists (3)
Zafirlukast (Accolate)
Montelukast (Singulair)
Pranlukast (Ultair)
leukotriene inhibitors SE
Montelukast: psych sx
URI, sore throat, HA, abd pain, sleepiness
cromolyn sodium (Nedcromil) use (4)
used mostly in children
preventative- chronic use, takes a while to work
taken 4x daily
tastes bad
Ipratropium (Atrovent) MOA & uses (2)
muscarinic agonist
useful if intolerant of B2 agonists
used in COPD, combined w/ Albuterol
H1 receptor functions (3 locations)
H2 function
endothelium: activates NO –> vasodilation
brain: wakefulness, appetite control
smooth muscle: relaxation
gastric acid secretion
sedating H1 antagonists (2)
diphenhydramine
hydroxyzine (Vistaril)
motion sickness H1 antagonists (2)
diphenhydramine
dimenhydrinate (Dramimine)
1st gen H1 antagonists characteristics (2)
enter the brain- sedating
block muscarinic receptors too
antiemetic 1st gen H1 antagonist
Promethazine (Phenergan)
2nd gen H1 antagonist characteristics (3)
do not enter brain- less sedating
no anticholinergic effects
not useful for motion sickness
2nd gen H1 antagonist excreted by kidney (3)
Cetirizine
Levocetirizine
Acrivastine
