GI drugs Flashcards
antacids incr. elimination of (2)
phenobarbital
salicylates
H2 antagonists (4)
Cimetidine (Tagamet)
Ranitidine (Zantac)
Famotidine (Pepcid)
Nizatidine (Axid)
H2 antagonist use (4)
ulcers
GERD
pre-anesthesia
w/ H1 antagonists for severe allergic rxn
Cimetidine SE
anti-testosterone effects
H2 antagonist SE (4)
confusion in the elderly
HA
dizziness
rash/itch
PPI MOA (3)
-prazole
activated in gastric parietal cell
inactivates H+ pumps
irreversible block of acid formation
PPI uses (4)
DOC GERD
ulcers
pts on NSAIDs
Zollinger-Ellison Syndr.
PPI SE (2)
osteoporosis
omeprazole- possible interactions w/ phenytoin, warfarin, diazepam, clopidigrel
Sucralate (Carafate) MOA, SE (2), & interactions
polymerizes to form protective barrier
constipation
stomach upset- take on an empty stomach
drug interactions w/ Aluminum
misoprostol (Cytotec) MOA, use, SE, contraindication
PG E1 analogue
prevent or decrease NSAID-induced damage
diarrhea, nausea
contraindicated in pregnancy- can induce abortion
Metoclopramide MOA, use
D2 agonist, incr. ACh release
antiemetic, used to incr. GI motility in hospitalized pts
Metoclopramide SE & contraindication
Parkinson’s-like sx
pregnancy- methemoglobinemia
Erythromycin use
diabetic gastroparesis
DOC IBS
Amitryptiline
Alosetron (Lotrenox) MOA, use
5HT3 receptor antagonist
IBS w/ severe diarrhea in women
Alosetron (Lotrenox) SE, contraindications
constipation, GI obstruction, perforation
risk-benefit statement required due to many contraindications
-setron MOA, use
5HT3 antagonists
N/V due to chemo, gastric diseases (Not motion sickness)
Prochlorperazine, Promethazine MOA, use, SE
block DA, muscarinic, histamine receptors
chemo, post-op, gastroenteritis, motion sickness
highly sedating
methylcellulose, psyllium, polycarbophil
drug type & use instruction
bulk-forming laxatives
take w/ plenty of water
osmotic laxatives (3)
magnesium hydroxide
Na+ salts
sorbitol, mannitol, sucralose
Polyethylene glycol use (2)
prep for colonoscopy
Miralax for occasional constipation
Lactulose use
cirrhosis & liver disease to decr. blood ammonia levels
bisacodyl, senna
mucosal agents
mineral oil SE (3)
lose fat-soluble vitamins
aspiration pneumonia
leaky butt
best lubricant/softener
docusate
Lubiprostone (Amitiza) MOA (2), effects (2)
PG E1 analogue
activates Cl- channels in luminal cells to incr. fluid secretion
no effect on electrolytes
no laxative dependence
bismuth salicylate use, effects
traveller’s diarrhea
absorbs water, pathogens
anti-inflammatory
antacids decrease absorption of (3)
digoxin
phenytoin
propranolol
