LO 5 - Canines

Question 1

Give a brief overview of canines

Answer 1

1. Longest teeth in the mouth
2. Located at the corners of the mouth
3. Well anchored in the bone
4. Their location requires extra Anchorage
5. A special projection of bone called the canine Eminence gives them the extra Anchorage
6. The function is to hold and tear food and assist both the incisors and the premolars

Question 2

What is the canine eminence?

Answer 2

1. The extra bulk of bone on the labial aspect; it overlies the root of the canine teeth

Question 3

The V shape at the corner of the mouth allows for _______ that can force the premolars to protrude out of the mouth or the incisors farther into the mouth

Answer 3

Dissipation of pressures

Question 4

Maxillary canines show evidence of calcification at ______

Answer 4

4 months

Question 5

Maxillary canines erupt around _______ years of age

Answer 5

11-12

Question 6

Maxillary canine enamel is completed around ______ years of age

Answer 6

6-7

Question 7

Maxillary canines roots are completed around _______ years of age

Answer 7

13-15

Question 8

Describe the proximal contact areas of maxillary canines

Answer 8

1. Mesial - junction of the incisal and middle third
2. Distal - middle third

Question 9

Describe the height of contour of maxillary canines

Answer 9

1. Facial - cervical third
2. Lingual - cervical third

Question 10

How many pulp horns do maxillary canines have?

Answer 10

1

Question 11

How many developmental lobes do maxillary canines have?

Answer 11

1. 4 - three facial, one lingual

Question 12

Maxillary canines resemble _______ in terms of composition of developmental lobes

Answer 12

Incisors

Question 13

For maxillary canines the _______ lobe extends farther insightly when the tooth is viewed from the labial or lingual aspect this forms a _______

Answer 13

1. Facial
2. Single cusp

Question 14

Describe the cusp, size, and cingulum of maxillary canines

Answer 14

1. Cusp tip is formed by the junction of four ridges
2. The lingual lobe is much larger and thicker resulting in the canine being much wider labial lingually
3. The singulum is larger and bulkier than on any other anterior teeth

Question 15

Describe the labial aspect of maxillary canines

Answer 15

1. Crown and root are narrower mesiodistally than those of a maxillary central incisor
2. The length of the crown is much larger
3. Roots are longer, making them the longest teeth in the mouth
4. Mesially, the outline of the crown is straighter with a slight convexity at the contact area
5. The mesial contact area is at the junction of the middle and incisal thirds of the crown
6. Distally, the outline of the crown is rounded in appearance**
7. The distal contact area is at the center of the middle third of the ground (distal convexity appears larger)
8. The labial surface of the crown is smooth
9. Developmental lines are 2 shallow depressions dividing the 3 labial lobes
10. The middle lobe is much larger, resulting in a ridge on the labial surface of the crown
11. This ridge ends incisely at the cusp tip, which is centered in the middle of the tooth
12. Cervical line crusts slightly mesial to the center of the tooth
13. Root is slender and is conical in shape with a blunt root Apex
14. Root can turn sharply to the distal or mesial but more likely distal

Question 16

Describe the lingual aspect of maxillary canines

Answer 16

1. Root tapers toward the lingual surface
2. Lingual sides of both the crown and the root are narrower than the labial sides
3. The cervical line shows a more even curvature; the crest is straighter and centered over the middle of the tooth
4. Well developed cingulum
5. Well developed lingual ridge running from cusp tip to cingulum
6. Lingual fossa has a lingual ridge which creates two separate lingual fossae one mesial one distal (mesial and distal lingual fossa)
7. These fossae are bordered by a mesial and distal marginal ridge

Question 17

Describe the mesial aspect of maxillary canines

Answer 17

1. Wedge-shaped outline of the crown
2. More labiolingual bulk than any other anterior tooth
3. Greatest measurement labiolingually is that the cervical third due to large cingulum
4. The entire labial surface is more convex from the cervical line to the cusp tip then any other maxillary anterior tooth
5. Root is broad labiolingually and is usually extremely long
6. The route Apex is blunt and often curves to the lingual or distal lingual side
7. Mesial surface of the root shows a shallow developmental depression extending from the cervical line halfway to the apex of the root
8. Depression appears to almost divide the single root into two roots and helps anchor the canine in the bone and prevents the root from rotating
9. Missile surface of the crown is entirely convex throughout except for a small area between the contact area and the cervical line which may be flat

Question 18

Describe the distal aspect of maxillary canines

Answer 18

1. Cervical line shows less curvature toward the cusp tip (than mesial)
2. Distal marginal ridge is heavier in outline than the mesial marginal ridge
3. Mesial and distal surfaces show a slight flat or concave area above the contact area (distal surface is more concave)
4. Distal root surface may show a more pronounced developmental depression than that on the mesial

Question 19

Describe the incisal aspect of maxillary canines

Answer 19

1. Has the thickest labiolingual measurement of any interior tooth
2. The cusp tip is labial to the center of the crown labiolingually and mesial to the center mesiodistally
3. The distal aspect of the crown appears thinner than the mesial

Question 20

Describe the root and pulp cavity of the maxillary canines

Answer 20

1. Root is usually the longest of any tooth in the mouth
2. In a cross-section view, the root appears to taper from the labial toward the lingual areas
3. The apical portion often points distally but seldom mesially
4. The pulp cavity consists of a large pulp chamber and a single root canal
5. Pulp chamber has one single pulp horn which extends to the tip of the cusp
6. Root canal is usually straight, but very difficult if curved

Question 21

Mandibular canines show evidence of calcification at ______ months

Answer 21

4

Question 22

Mandibular canines tend to erupt around _______ years of age

Answer 22

9-10

Question 23

Mandibular canines roots are completed around _______ years of age

Answer 23

13

Question 24

Describe the proximal contact area of mandibular canines

Answer 24

1. Mesial - incisal third
2. Distal - just cervical to the junction of the incisal and middle third

Question 25

Describe the height of contour of mandibular canines

Answer 25

1. Facial - cervical third
2. Lingual - cervical third

Question 26

How many pulp horns do mandibular canines have?

Answer 26

1

Question 27

How many developmental lobes do mandibular canines have?

Answer 27

1. 4 - three facial, one lingual

Question 28

Provide a brief overview of mandibular canines and how they differ from the maxillary

Answer 28

1. The crown is narrower mesiodistally by about 0.5 mm
2. Mandibular canine Crown length is as long as that of a maxillary canine and sometimes longer
3. The route may be as long as that of a maxillary canine, but is more often shorter
4. The labiolingual measurement of the crown and the root is usually a fraction of a millimeter less than that of a maxillary canine
5. The lingual surface of a mandibular canine is smoother, the cingulum is less developed, and the marginal ridges are less prominent than those of maxillary canines
6. The cusp tip of a mandibular canine is not as well developed as that of a maxillary canine, and the cusp ridges are thinner labiolingually
7. The cusp tip of a mandibular canine may be centered more lingually than a maxillary canine cusp tip
8. An anomaly of a mandibular canine is bifurcated roots - one buccal and one lingual (usually only the apical third of the root is bifurcated)

Question 29

Describe the labial aspect of mandibular canines

Answer 29

1. Mandibular canine shows a straighter mesial outline than does a maxillary canine
2. The mesial outline is less convex than it’s distal outline
3. The distal contact area is more incisal on a mandibular canine than the same contact area on its maxillary canine and is located somewhat cervical to the junction of its incisal and middle thirds
4. The mesial contact area is nearer to the mesio-incisal point angle
5. The cervical line is more symmetrically contoured

Question 30

Describe the lingual aspect of mandibular canines

Answer 30

1. The lingual surface of the crown is flatter than that of the maxillary canine
2. Lingual features are less prominent; the cingulum is relatively smooth, the marginal ridges are less distinct, and the lingual fossae and ridge are less pronounced
3. Has a larger, more developed cingulum than other mandibular anterior teeth and a pronounced lingual ridge
4. Cingulum tapers lingually and is less developed than the maxillary canine
5. The lingual ridge is less distinct than the same ridge on the maxillary canine
6. Has no lingual pits
7. The marginal ridges and lingual fossae are flatter than those of the maxillary teeth
8. The lingual surfaces of all mandibular teeth are smoother than those of the maxillary

Question 31

Describe the mesial aspect of mandibular canines

Answer 31

1. Mesial view shows a wedge-shaped and pointed cusp
2. The cusp tip is more lingually inclined
3. The reason for the lingual incline is apparent, given the position of a mandibular canine in relation to its maxillary counterpart when the two are touching
4. The cervical line curves more toward the incisal portion than does the cervical line on the maxillary canine
5. Mandibular canines root may be more pointed at the Apex
6. The developmental depression on the route is more pronounced and sometimes the root is bifurcated

Question 32

Describe the distal aspect of mandibular canines

Answer 32

1. The distal aspect of mandibular canines resembles a maxillary canine except for those features mentioned in the discussion of the mesial aspects

Question 33

Describe the incisal aspect of mandibular canines

Answer 33

1. The incisal edge of a mandibular canine slants toward the lingual side with the distal incisal ridge slanting more lingually than the mesial side

Question 34

Describe the root and pulp cavity of the mandibular canines

Answer 34

1. Rudest the longest mandibular route, and all of their tooth roots it is second only to the maxillary canine
2. Wider labiolingually and narrower mesiodistally
3. Some have bifurcated root at the apical third
4. One bifurcated, one root is called the labial and the other the lingual
5. Single rooted form is much more common
6. If deep longitudinal grooves are present on the proximal surfaces of the root, then a tendency exists for two root canals to form even if these join together at the Apex
7. The root is flatter than the maxillary canine root on the mesial and distal surface
8. Pulp cavity resembles that of the maxillary canine in that they both have large pulp Chambers and usually a single root canal
9. Only one pulp horn is present
10. When the root is bifurcated, two canals are almost always present, each with its own apical foramen