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DH 150 - Anatomy Terminology > LO 1 > Flashcards

LO 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 functions of teeth?

A
  1. Protect the oral cavity
  2. Chew food
  3. Aid the digestive system in breaking down food
  4. Speech and phonetics
  5. Appearance
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2
Q

________ is the whole crown of the tooth that is covered by enamel, regardless of whether it is erupted or not

A

Anatomic crown

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3
Q

________ is the portion of the tooth visible in the oral cavity: determined by the location of the gingival margin

A

Clinical crown

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4
Q

Teeth can have 1, 2, or 3 roots. What are these called?

A
  1. Single rooted
  2. Bifurcation
  3. Trifurcation
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5
Q

The region between the furcation and the crown is called ________

A

The root trunk

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6
Q

What is the anitomical root?

A

The part of the root converted by cementum

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7
Q

The clinical root includes ________

A

root covered by gingiva

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8
Q

The ________ is the rounded end of the root

A

Apex

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9
Q

___________ is the opening at the apex of the tooth through which the blood and nerve supply of the pulp enters the tooth

A

Apical foramen

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10
Q

__________ is the area of a two or three rooted tooth where the roots divide

A

Furcation

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11
Q

Area of the cementoenamel I junction (CEJ) to the furcation

A

Root trunk

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12
Q

Broad, shallow vertical depressions on the root are called ________

A

Root concavities

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13
Q

The portion of the maxilla and mandible that forms the sockets for the teeth

A

Alveolar process

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14
Q

The function of individual teeth depends on these 3 things

A
  1. Size of the tooth
  2. Shape of the tooth
  3. Location of tooth in the jaw
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15
Q

What are the 3 functions of individual teeth in the process of mastication?

A
  1. Cut or incise
  2. Hold and grasp food
  3. Grind the food
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16
Q

_____ is the moving of the tooth through its surrounding tissue so that the clinical crown gradually appears longer

A

Eruption

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17
Q

________ is all of the teeth in the upper or lower jaw

A

Dental arch

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18
Q

The boney socket in which the tooth fits is called ________

A

Alveolus

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19
Q

The teeth in the upper arch are called _______

A

Maxillary teeth

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20
Q

The teeth in the lower arch are called ________

A

Mandibular teeth

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21
Q

Describe the shape and purpose of incisors

A
  1. Designed to cut
  2. Biting edge is called incisal edge
  3. Lingual surface is shaped like a shovel (aids in guiding food into the mouth)
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22
Q

Describe the shape and function of canines

A
  1. Designed to hold or grasp
  2. Protect the jaw joint during side to side movement
    Lengths and thickness afford lateral stress baring during side to side jaw excursions
  3. Longest teeth in human dentition
  4. Best anchored and most stable because they have the longest roots
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23
Q

Describe the shape and function of premolars

A
  1. 4 max and 4 mand premolars
  2. A cross between molars and canines
  3. 2-3 cusps rather than one large biting edge
  4. Help holding and grinding food
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24
Q

Define the shape and function of molars

A
  1. 12 molars - 6 ma, 6 mand
  2. Larger than premolars (usually 4+ cusps)
  3. Located posterior of premolars
  4. Function is to grind a d chew food
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25
Q

Anterior teeth include _______

A

Incisors and canines

26
Q

Posterior teeth include

A

Premolars and molars

27
Q

Permanent teeth consist of _______

A
  1. 8 incisors
  2. 4 canines
  3. 8 premolars
  4. 12 molars
28
Q

Primary teeth consist of ________

A
  1. 8 incisors
  2. 4 canines
  3. 8 molars
29
Q

Anterior teeth have ___ surfaces and a _____

A

4; ridge

30
Q

Posterior teeth have _____ surfaces

A

5

31
Q

The ______ surface faces the tongue

A

Lingual

32
Q

The buccal and labial surfaces are also called the _______ surfaces

A

Facial

33
Q

The _______ surface faces neighbouring teeth

A

Proximal

34
Q

The _________ surface is closest to the midline of the face

A

Mesial

35
Q

The _______ surface faces away from the midline of the face

A

Distal

36
Q

________ is the biting surface of molars and premolars

A

Occlusal

37
Q

What are line angles and how many do anterior and posterior have?

A
  1. The junction of 2 surfaces
  2. Anterior teeth have 6
  3. Posterior teeth have 8
38
Q

What are the 6 anterior line angles?

A
  1. Distolabial
  2. Distolingual
  3. Labioincisal
  4. Linguoincisal
  5. Mesiolingual
  6. Mesiolabial
39
Q

What are the 8 posterior line angles?

A
  1. Disto-occlusal
  2. Bucco-occlusal
  3. Distolingual
  4. Distobuccal
  5. Mesiobuccal
  6. Mesiolingual
  7. Mesio-occlusal
  8. Linguo-occlusal
40
Q

Describe enamel

A
  1. Forms the outer surface of anatomic crown
  2. Thickest over the tip of the crown, becoming thinner until it ends at cervical line
  3. Colour varied depending on thickness, mineralization, and skin pigmentation
  4. Most densely mineralized and hardest tissue in the body
41
Q

Enamel comprises ______ inorganic material, ____ organic material, and some water

A

96%; 4%

42
Q

Dense mineralization gives the enamel the ability to _______

A

Resist wear and tear

43
Q

_______ is resistent to mild acids, bacteria, and tooth decay

A

Enamel

44
Q

The smooth, self-cleaning surface of enamel makes it hard for things like ______ to adhere

A

Food particles, bacteria, and sticky carbohydrate materials

45
Q

Describe dentin

A
  1. Forms the main portion or body of the tooth
  2. Hard calcified tissue surrounding the pulp and underlies the enamel and cementum
  3. Softer than enamel
  4. Yellow in colour and elastic in nature
    Capable of adding to itself
46
Q

The chemical composition of dentin is ______ inorganic, ______ organic, and some water

A

70%; 30%

47
Q

What are the 3 types of dentin and their purposes?

A
  1. Primary dentin - present when tooth erupts
  2. Secondary dentin - new dentin formed throughout the pulp chamber after the tooth erupts
  3. Reparative dentin - dentin laid down in response to trauma or caries - usually near the crown
48
Q

Describe cementum

A
  1. Bone-like substance that covers the root
  2. Provides a medium of attachment to the alveolar bone - anchors, protects, and supports the tooth
  3. Less dense than enamel or dentin
  4. Thinner at cervical line, thicker at root
49
Q

The chemical composition of cementum is ____ inorganic, ____ organic, and some water

A

45%-50%; 50%-55%

50
Q

What are the two types of cementum and their purposes?

A
  1. Cellular - apical 3rd of root, can reproduce itself to compensate for wear at the crown
  2. Acellular - covers the entire anatomical root and cannot reproduce itself
51
Q

________ are the cells that produce cementum

A

Cementoblasts

52
Q

Describe the pulp of the tooth

A
  1. Nourishing, sensory, and reparative system of the tooth
  2. Walls of the pulp cavity are line with odontoblasts - lay down primary and secondary dentin
53
Q

_______ cells in the pulp produce dentin?

A

Odontoblast

54
Q

Pulp is composed of these 5 things

A
  1. Blood vessels - nourishment for formation of secondary dentin, supply white blood cells necessary to fight bacterial infection of pulp
  2. Lymph vessels - filters fluid within the tooth
  3. Nerve tissue - sensory in function and responds only to pain
  4. Connective tissue
  5. Odontoblasts
55
Q

The ______ chamber is housed within the coronal portion of the tooth

A

Pulp

56
Q

______ run through the centre of the tooth

A

Pulp canals/root canals

57
Q

_______ are an extension of the pulp tissue into a thin point of the pulp chamber of the tooth crown

A

Pulp horns

58
Q

Together, the pulp chamber and pulp canals are called the _______

A

Pulp cavity

(It runs the entire length of the interior of the tooth)

59
Q

Junction of cementum and enamel is called the _______

A

Cementoenamel Junction (CEJ)

60
Q

The junction of the dentin and enamel is called the ________

A

Dentinoenamel junction (DEJ)

61
Q

The junctin of the cementum and dentin is called the _______

A

Cementodentimal junction (CDJ)

62
Q

______ is a line that is formed by the CEJ

A

Cervical line

DH 150 - Anatomy Terminology (15 decks)

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