Liz foreign pol essay plan

Question 1

paragraph one: revolt of the Netherlands

Answer 1

• This leaves England in a vulnerable position for invasion
• Duke of Alva sent to put it down
• By 1568 Alva has defeated the rebels

Question 2

paragraph one: what five English actions heighten tension with Spain?

Answer 2

1. The English seize a silver bullion fleet from Genoese lenders going to pay troops in the Netherlands in the channel causing hostilities which causes another trade embargo
2. Elizabeth doesn’t stop English seamen attacking Spanish ships
3. Elizabeth pursued a marriage alliance with the Duke of Anjou after rejecting Philip
4. The 1572 treaty of Blois saw England and France promise to protect each other
5. The 1572 expulsion of the sea beggars to the deep water port of Brill

Question 3

paragraph one: what three Spanish actions heighten tensions with England?

Answer 3

1. Trade embargo due to Philip’s chief minister, Cardinal Granvelle, using the outbreak of the plague in London as an excuse
2. 1568 English ambassador expelled from Madrid, a new one arrives in England (de Spes) but the first thing he does is make contact with MQS
3. 1568 John Hawkins’ voyage to the New World sees him getting attacked in Mexico

Question 4

paragraph one: what does Elizabeth do in preparation?

Answer 4

• Hawkins returns home and is put in charge of the naval board which leads to the production of fast, manoeuvrable ships helpful during the Armada
• Thomas Coresham organised the local militia and musters were organised for local people

Question 5

paragraph two: why does Elizabeth not pursue a more decisive policy?

Answer 5

Elizabeth did what she could at this time to avoid all out war which was not attractive due to high costs that was already trying to be dealt with through poverty legislation and Spain’s power compared to England’s

Question 6

paragraph two: what relaxation of tensions were there?

Answer 6

1574: convention of Bristol, it settles the bullion dispute, lifts the trade embargo, banishes English rebels from the Netherlands and allows English merchants in the Netherlands to practise their protestant belief

Question 7

paragraph two: what four interventions does Elizabeth undertake to annoy the Spanish?

Answer 7

1572: volunteers allowed to join sea beggars, army of volunteers sent to hold Flushing for the Dutch
1573: continues to unofficially aid Dutch rebels by allowing English privateers to close the channel to spanish ships
1576: following the Spanish fury where all Dutch provinces unite against the Spanish Elizabeth sends the estates general £100,000 in support of the pacification of Ghent (that calls for expulsion of foreign troops)
1580: sends the French Duke of Alencon £100,000 to revive his Netherlands campaign

Question 8

paragraph two: what three aggravating actions does Philip make that worsens the situation?

Answer 8

1580: Philip gains Portugal and its incredibly powerful navy
1583: he orders construction of a large navy later to become the armada and de Mendoza, Spanish ambassador, is involved in the Throckmorton plot
1584: William the Silent is assassinated and the treaty of Joinville sees Philip promise the Catholic league his support

Question 9

paragraph three: what three actions does Elizabeth take to directly intervene with Spain?

Answer 9

1585: Drake captures the portuguese ship, San Felipe, in the Azores and returns with £140,000
1586: the English army prevent Parma from capturing the deep water port of flushing, very important later
1587: Drake sails into Cadiz harbour and sinks 30 Spanish ships, humiliating Philip and delaying preparations for the Armada

Question 10

paragraph three: what are the dates of the armada and everything that happens after it?

Answer 10

1588: the events
1596: a huge expedition is launched against Spain showing more decisive action with 17 naval ships, 80,000 men and 47 war ships to sack Cadiz and they capture a spanish treasure ship that costs Philip 12 million ducats and destroy another 50 ships
1596-98: subsequent spanish armadas are scattered by storms and fail to use Ireland as a landing base

Question 11

contents of paragraph one?

Answer 11

• revolt of the netherlands
• five english actions heighten tension with Spain
• four spanish actions heighten tension with England
• Liz prepares

Question 12

contents of paragraph two?

Answer 12

• reasons liz does not pursue a more decisive policy
• small relaxation of tensions
• four interventions to annoy the spanish
• philip’s three actions that make the situation worse

Question 13

contents of paragraph three?

Answer 13

• four actions elizabeth takes to directly intervene with Spain
• armada and subsequent events