Liver and gall bladder Flashcards
Liver produces and participates in?
Production -Bile=fat digestion -Blood plasma prot. -Clotting factors Participation -carbo./prot. metabolism -detox(toxin/drugs)
Liver vasculature is similar to which organ?
Lung
LIver vasculature-systemic and functional
Systemic=proper hepatic artery
-nut.
Functional=Portal vn
-from digestiv tract w/ sm. GIT to liver
which vn does the proper hepatic artery and portal vn go into
central vn.
liver vasculature order
hepatic arter and protain vn into central vn–>sublobular vn. –>collecting vn.–>hepatic vn. –>inf. vena cava
Glisson’s capsule
Thick dense CT
~ serosa
Covered by smp. sq. epith.
Lays over liver parenchyma which is held by reticular fiber
Hepatocytes
Org. in plates surrounded by sinusoid
Epith/grandular cells
W/in parenchyma
Polyhedral cells=lateral borders connecting diff. hepatocytes(hexagon)
Zona occlusion=bile caniculi (tight junction)
Lrg. cell w/ eosinophil cytop.
-lrg nuc. w/ binuc.
Exocrin and endocrine of hepatocytes
Endocrine=secretes into blood
Exocrine=bile ducts
Hepatocytes-mitochon.
A lot
Allows for metabolic activty
Perform gluconeogenic and urea production
Hepatocytes-S/RER
SER=detox
-oxidation, methylation, conjug. B4 excretion
-toxin B4 secretion
RER=prot. production
-Synth. albumin (carrier prot.), lipoport/glycoprot. prot., prothrombin/fibrinogen(clot)
-Non immune alpha and beta globulin to maintain blood colloid P. and carrier prot.
Hepatocyte-GA
Exocrine secretion of bile via bile caniculi
Endocrine=lipoprot. goes into SOD and blood
hepatocyte-peroxisomes
Brkdwn FA, purine
Detox of peroxide, alcohol
Gluconeogen b/c purine brkdwn
Hepatocyte-lysosome
Iron storage/degradation of cytoplasmic organle
Might contain lipofuscin
Endoth. cells line what structure
Space of dise and sinusoid
Kuphffer cell
Located in liver
MAC
ID by IHC w/ AntiBD
Dye(india ink)
Ito Cell
W/in liver cell Persinsouid cell b/w sinusoid and hepatocytes Hepatic stellate cells Contain lipid droplet w/ vit. A
Liver damage and ito cells
Called epith. mesenchymal transition (EMT)
Ito–>myofibroblast like cells and produce collagen
-causes fibroblast
Ito cells contract and incre. vascular R w/in sinusoid
-contrib. to portal HTN
Space of disse
B/w hepatocyte (microvilli and ito cell) and endoth. (sinusoid/kuppffer cell)
B/w hepatocyte=blood for absorp. and secretion
Is bilirubin soluble and what is it made up of?
Not soluble
RBC brken dwn in spleen
-Heme–>bilirubin
Bilirubin travel to the liver
Bilirubin binds to albumin and travel through the blood to the liver
Goes to hepatic sinus–>SOD–>hepatocyte
-albumin goes back to the blood
Bilirubin then goes to SER and becomes cong. bilirubin
-Exocrine protal
-bile–>sm. intestine and excreted into fecal mater (cn remove toxin)
Bile flow
Bile acid goes to bile canaliculi–>intralobular duct(low cell lumne)–>canal of hearing–>bile duct
Bile acid
90% reabsorb into intestine to portal vn–>sinusoid–>caniculi
10% secreted
-w/ cholic acid synth. of cholesterol w/ glycine and taurine by SER
-goes to ball bladder
-emulsification of fat
:degradation via duodenum and lipase
:absorb by enterocyte
Bile canaliculi
B/w hepatocyte borders
-hepatocyte has incre. microvilli to incre. SA for absorb.
Not always visible
Tight junction around canaliculi
Caholangiocytes are found where
Canal of hearing