female reprod. Flashcards
ovary overview
Gamete produce in ovaries Fertilization @ oviduct -ova from ovaries-->uterus Implantation=uterus -muscular sac for fetus develop Horm. control=criticl Cervix=space b/w uterus/vagina
Oocyte release b/c of what?
Follicular fluid=incr vol/incre. P.
Plasmin proteolysis of follicular wall
GAG deposition
Sm muscle contraction in theca externa
Oocyte release: what happens to follicle wall and BV b/c of relase
Damage
release=ovulation
-after ovulation wall folds into itself
find teca/granulosa cells
After ovary release
Corpus hemorrhagium
Corpus luteum
Corpus Albicans
Corpus hemorrhagium
Follicle collapse
Follicle lumen fills blood b/c ruptured cap. in theca
Corpus luteum
Follicle walls r folded Blood re-absorbed/digested Cells involved=granulosa cells and theca interna cells -special horm. prod. -Both create progres. -estrodial (most + estrogen) :theca=cholest-->androsternedione :androgase to gransulosa=create estrodial Support implantion
Corpus albicans
Collagen b/c no implantation
-no horm. are porduced to keep corpus lut.
Granulosa/theca cells die=incre. collagen
-lutolysis
Histology of granulosa and theca interna
Granulosa =light/lrf cells
Theca interna cells=small darker cells
implantation related to corpus luteum
Implantation -b/w fetus wall of uterus -placenta produce hcG :incre. theca and granulosa cells :incre. lipid droplet=incre. steroid horm. -good for 4-5mo. and hcG decre. b/c placenta is lrg enough to produce needed horm. No implantation -growth factor w/draw -degenerate into fibrous mass -cropus albican=scar and collagen
atretic follicles
Mulitple follicles begin form BUT only 1 undergoes ovulation
Follicles=apoptosis
-might see zona pelucida
-might have glassy follicle memb.
FSH vs. LH
FSH=follicle develop.
LH=ovulation/corpus luteum
Oviduct purpose
For oocyte to be fertilized
-granulosa cells surrounding oocyte binds to fimbria
:fimbria=blaind ciliated cells for brining oocyte into oviduct (w.in infundibulum)
Oviduct aka/histo.
AKA=fallopian tube Histo. -highly folded=see LP (support mucosa) Simp. colum. -ciliated and not ciliated (peg cells) secretory cells -sm. muscle Sim. to seminal vesicle
Uterus: implantation
Implantation=1 wk after fertilziation
- fert=cell division (blastocyt burst out of ZP)
- implant=1wk after fert.
- gastula=cavity created and layer of embryo
- space=placenta
Uterus:wall
Inner=endometrium 2 layers -Stratum funcationale and basale -Epith. =smp. columnar -uterine gland -CT w/ BV :BV=arcuate arteries that support gland Mid. =myometrium -sm. muscle(thick) -3 unorg. layers -cn see well in animals not hum. Outer=perimetrium -serosa/visceral peritoneum
Uterus=menstral cycle
Ovary horm. act her=estrogen/progesterone phases -porliferative phase=pre-ovulatory -secretory phase=ovulation -menstration
Pre-ovulatory phase
Proliferative phase Estrogen=produce by follicles b4 ovulation to + phase Incre. Strat. funcationale thickenss -Strat. basale dnt change Gland lenght/thicken Cell=simp. columnar
Ovulatory phase
Secretory phase
Porgesterone produce by coprus luteum to +phase
Incre. gland/BV=spiral (saw tooth) b/c st. functionale dnt thicken
visibile spiral rt.
menstral phase
NO fert. =decre. horm. and begin apopt.
- incre. GF w/drwal for cell death to occur
str. functionale slought off/BV rupture - hemorrhage=destroy spiral art.
Uterine vasculature
Cycle begin incre. BV but end BUT endometry dnt incre. in hight cuasing art/gland to siral
Vagina
Epith.
-st. sq. w/ incre glycogen
:histo.=clear empty space b/c of glycogen(~to keratin but w/ nucleus)
-LP=iinterdegitate structural areas =R vagina abrasion
Muscle=not well org. sm. muscle (thinner than uterus )
No gland
Adventitia=Dense CT
Cervix
Epith. =smp. columnar w/ mucosa Transiotnal epith. =shift from sq.-->column. -Changes throughout life :prepub. =outside ext. os :preprego.=canal :post menapo.=outside exter. os. Canal mucosal glands Nobothia cyst -dialted gland filled w/ mucous internal/external os.
Placenta purpose
Remove waste/exchange nourishment from mom/fetus
Placenta formation
Blastocyte formed 14 dys.
- endometrym gland
- expanding meaternal sinusoid w/ amniotic cavity
- cells=cytotrohpblast(inner) and syncytrophoblast (outer)
- Primary villus form cyto and syn(mesoderm w/in)
placenta structure
Choronic plate lined w/ amniotic epith. (smp. cub. )
-outside fetal
-w/in fetal BV
-villus grow dwn
:cytorophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast (not always cont’)
-hofbauer cell=early preg/apoptotic cells
-maternal blood surround villus in intervillous space
Basale=mom side
-decidua basalis
:uterin/used to be endometrium
-myometrium
-decidual cells=help maintain placenta
Mammary gland:breast
Nipple containing CT w/ sm. muscle (circular sphincter)
Symp. N. fiber following sm. muscle
-leading to lactiferous sinus–>duct–>interlob. –>secretory unit
Ducts are inhib. gland w/ small saccular evagination
-until prego.
During prego. =tubuloalverolar secretory unit
-lactiferous duct
-cub./colum. cells
-myoepith.
After prego.=stroma consist of connective/adipose tissue becoming lobular alveolar tissue
Mammary gland:nipple
Areola=incre,. sebaceous gland Lact. Duct -->mammary gland lobe -smp. cub./colum -myoepith. Sm. muscle in CT=circular sphincter
Mammary gland:duct develop
Puberty=duct syt. expand into adipose
-b/c estrogen=lacterfous dutc/terminal bud grows and fat grows around in
Prego.=terminal end bud grows
-Adipose=CT tissue stroma
-Prl/placten lactogen w/ estrogen/progesteron
:+lacterfous ducts and secretory alveoli(+ @ the end of branched lacterferous)
Terminal duct lobular unit
Change No lactation=duct w/o secretory -dense CT/adipose Lactation=incre secreotry -incre. Horm. :estrogen/proges :prolact(pit.) and gonadecorticoid(adrenal cortex)
mile relase
Begin @ progesteron levels drop after birth
Milk fat=apocrine
Milk prot.=merocrine
