colon, rectum, anal

Question 1

lrg. Intestine wrapped around

Answer 1

small intestine

Question 2

connection of the illeum and colon

Answer 2

ileo cecal fold flaps

Question 3

ileocecal fold flaps

Answer 3

Sm. musce extending from ileum ME

Tension to maintain closed to regulate movement and stop bulk flow

Question 4

Cecum has an open or blind end and location

Answer 4

Blind end

Distal to ileocecal junction

Question 5

Cecum histologically similar to which organ

Answer 5

Colon

Question 6

Which organ attached to cecum?

Answer 6

appendix

Question 7

Appendix histology

Answer 7

Diff. colon
Lrg. number lymphatic nodule extended to submucosa
M cells cover lymph node
-smp. columnar w/ no microvilli
-Spec. move. of prot. and bact. from lumne of appendix
:under line dendritic APC and lymphatic tissue
-peryers patches in ileum
4 layers but cnt see lymphatic cells

Question 8

Lrg. intestine structures

Answer 8

Teniae coli=longitudinal sm. muscel band 
-shorter than colon 
-create outpockets=haustra coli 
  :ie sacculation 
Omenta appendices=outer portion 
-fatty serosal projections
Semilunar folds=created by contraction 
-not ~ circular plicae

Question 9

Colon histological layers

Answer 9

Mucosa 
-Simp. col. epith. 
-goblet cells
-LP
-MM
Submucosa
-submucosal plexus 
ME
-Inner circular 
-auerbach's plexus 
-outer longitudinal 
Teniae coli

Question 10

Colon-Epith.

Answer 10

Function=absorption, excretion (prod. w/in colon)
No folds or villi
Coloncytes
-reabsop. H2O and electrolytes
:dwnstream incre. solid content b/c decre. H2O
-incre. goblet cells to help push solid contents dwn stream
-~ enterocytes but dnt excrete enzyme

Question 11

Colon-LP

Answer 11

Crypts of lieberkuhn 
-goblet cells
-coloncytes (absorpt.)
-enteroendocrine cells
-no paneth cells
Collagen table 
-around COL and @times hard to find 
-thick collagen layer and proteoglycan b/w basal lamina and fenestrated absorptive cap. 
Gut assoc. lymph. tissue(GALT)
-Extensive and well develop b/c incre. microbial colon content 
  :potential dangerous solid waste  
-cont' w/ ileum GALT 
Lymphatic vessel near crypt base 
-no lacteals

Question 12

colon-muscularis externa

Answer 12

2 sm. muscle layer(~ sm. intestine) 
-inner circular and outer longitudinal layer
Teniae coli (long sm. muscle)

Question 13

Colon-serosa/adventitia

Answer 13

~ sm. intestine
lrg. BV, N
Adipose tissue 
Dense CT 
Serosa=simp. cub/sq. epith.

Question 14

Rectum location

Answer 14

distal digestive tract

Question 15

rectum-feature

Answer 15

incre. luman (more than colon)

Question 16

Rectum-layers

Answer 16

mucosa 
-simp. column 
-lp/COL
-submucos
-MM
ME
Serosa/adventitia

Question 17

Anus-location

Answer 17

Exit digestive tract

Question 18

Anus-feature

Answer 18

longitudinal fold=anal column

-sinus and valve

Question 19

Anus-layers

Answer 19

St. sq. epith. (non-kerta.)
Pectinate line
St. sq. epith. (kerta.)
Sphincter
-inner anal=sm. muscle
-external anal=sk. muscle

Question 20

Rectum-ID

Answer 20

Transverse fold

Mucosa~colon no tenia colon

Question 21

Anus-ID

Answer 21

Colorectal zone=~rectum
Anal transition zone (ATZ)=simp. column to st. sq. non kerta.
Sq. zone=st. sq. keratin. epith.
-cont’ w/ perianal skin

Question 22

Anal Gland

Answer 22

Anal gland
-w/in anal canal
-Extend from mucosa into submucosa
:even into ME
Branched , straight, tubular glands
Secrete mucus through ducts w/ st. col. epith.
Circumanal glands
-lg. apocrine sweat glands in perianal region
:non humna=secretion for sec, health
Sebaceous glands=assoc. w/ perianl hair follicle