Eye and ear Flashcards
2 Types of fluid within the eye
Virtous body/humor
Aq. humor (ant. post chambers)
Post. parts of the eye
Corneoscleral coat Vascular coat (uvea) Retina=detects
in corneoscleral coat
sclera and cornea
w/in vascular coat
Choroid
Cilary body
Iris
Retina
non photo=not nuronal
Photosensitive=neuro portion, send fibers back through N. @ brain
Retinal pig. epith. (RPE) b/w retina and vascular
Ant. Eye structures
Cornea
Lens
Iris
Cornea structures (5 layers)
Corneal eptih. and BsM -ant. epith. -st. sq. non keratinzed epith. BsM=bowman's memb. -thin b/c compressed by corneal stroma Corneal stroma=middle and major portion -lamina @ rt angle to each other :contribute to strength/transparent color -//-collagen fiber /win lamina -fibroblast b/w lamina=help meet collagen fibers Corneal epith. and BsM -simple cuboidal BsM=descements memb. and thick
Lens structures
Histologically
-capsule
-subcapsular epith.
:cell moves down germinal zone forming lens fibers (form crystalin prot.)
Light passes cornea to lens
Lens equator=lens midline
-zonular fibers located here to ciliary process
-ciliary process bind to ciliary body (muscle to control lens size for focusing)
Iris purpose
control light through lens
Iris structures
Retinal layer=post pig. epith. and most inner
-no photosensitive
Uvea=ant. pig. myoepith. amd middle
-forms dilator pupillae muscle circle
Sphincter pipilar muscle=sm. muscle band
-pupil contractor/dilator
CT
Stromal melanocyte=loose CT and fibroblast
No epith. ant.
Pupil constrictor vs. dilator
Constrictor muscle
-sphincter pupillae muscle contstrict circle and decr. pupil size
-parasymp.
Dilator muscle
-radial muscle and shorten on periphery and incre. pupil size
-symp. to allow light
Iridocorneal angle purpose
AKA filtration angle
connect iris to sclera
Ciliary body is next to the angle
Ciliary body b/w iris and sclera
Ciliary process=non photosensitive of retina
Epith/not neuro
Produce aq. humor
aq. humor flows through
Post. chamber–>iris/lens–>pupil–>ant. chamber (b/w cornea and iris)–>trabecular meshwork(loose CT)–>canal of schelm (s. sq. epith.)–>sclera venous sinus
Light detection: refractile media and 4 transparent components
Elements change path B4 reaches retina and focus light rays on retina 4 components -cornea -aq. humor -lens -vitreous body/gel :gel like sub. :shock absorber :hyluronan(synovial joints), glycoprot, collagen fibrils
detect light: retina
Cornea–>aq. hum. –>lens–>viterous body–>retina
Light detection=neural layers=photosensitive(10 layers)
Non-neuronal=retinal pig. epith.
-pig. protect choroid(b/w retina and sclera post. eye
inner layer of retina
Ora serrata
- ant.=non photo sensitive and lens aspect of iris
- post. =photosensitve
Retinal photosensitive layers
Retinal pig. epith.(RPE) Rods/cons(most sensitive area) -opsin/rhodopsin induce sig. bac to optic N. -->brain -photosensitive prot. support by RPE synape @ bipolar N. @ inner nuclear layers Outer limiting memb. Outer nuclear layer Outer plexiform layer=synapse Inner nuclear layer Inner plexiform layer -ganglion cell layer(axons) Layer of optic N. fiber Inner limiting memb.
Macula Lutea
Yellow round fovea
-fovea=thinner retina region and incre. visual accuity b/c incre. of cons
Rods
sensitive to low light
Incre. number in peripheral regions
Cons
Post. in bright light Macula region Rhodop=neg. in dark/incre. NT -opsin=pos. in lihgt/decre. NT -glutamate by cGMP MC color blind -protanopia=no red -deuteranopia=no green -tritanopia=no blue
Retina blood supply
retinal cap, venule and arteirole travel to surface
internal vs. depend on indivd.
Conjunctiva
Mucous memb. epith. and LP
-might have lymphatic nodules
-cover sclera and line inner eyelid
Epith. w/ lacrimal gland and/or goblet cells
-may be cuboidal, pseudostratified, st. sq.
-some animal=transitional epith.
Eyelid
outer aspect of skin -cutaneous -hair, sweat gland :hair=gland of ziest/sebecous gland tarsal plate surrounds tarsal glands
parts of the ear
external
middle
inner
External ear
Auricle=lined w/ elastic cartilage
External acoustic medius
-cerminous glands=secret lipid w/in broad lumen
-St. sq. epith.
Tympanic memb.
B/w external and middle ear
Outer=st. sq.
Middle=CT
Inner s. cub. epith.
Middle ear
After tympanic cavity/auditory canal Pseudost. epith. w/ goblet Mixed gland Mallus/incus and stapes connected by synovial joint -stapes connects to oval window
Inner ear parts
Bony labyrinth
membranous labyrinth
Sensory
Bony labryinth
W/in the inner ear
3 connected space for inner ear(w/in temporal bone)
Semicircule canals=up, back, lateral
-move of fluid dtect plane mov. (x, y, z)
Vestibule=utricle and saccule
-oval(stapes transmit mech. mov. to tympanic fluid) vs. round window(allow fluid dispate for new thing to occur)
Cochlear=detect sound
Membraneous labrynth
W/in inner ear
Series of communication of sac and duct anatomy endolymph
-perilymph srround the outter memb.
Vestibular labryinth
-semicircular ducts
-utricle, utricularsaccule duct and saccule
Sensory of ear
Ampulla
Crista ampula of semicricle
-detect plane move
as head moves cupule move =moveing hair cells which will open/close gated ion channels to sig. to brain
maccula of utricle and saccule detects what type of head move?
up and down
Cochlea
Stria vasculars=blood
bony labrenth=modularis bond
vestibular (reissners memb.)=memb. labrynth
Scala media=endolymph
-have organ of corti line by BsM
spiral igament connect vestibular and BsM
Organ of corti
tectoral memb.=gell (control hair mov.)
- inner pilar, phangela, hair cells are close to internal spiral sulcus
- outer pilar, pharngeal hair cell further away
Cochlear dect. snd
Structure
-tectorle memb. attach to BsM
-rest of organ of corti attached to basalr memb.
Endolymph and perilymph @ diff. density=snd wave move. @ diff. spead and tectoral basalar memb. dn move togethr
Sound hit/return @ organ of corti @ diff. times and places
spiral gang./spiral organs of corti @ dif. pt.s
sound from outer to inner ear
Snd waves collected in the outer ear
Transmitted to middle ear (converted into mech. vibration)
Vibration move stapes @ oval window(fluid mov.)
Fluid move. detected by organ of corti due to diff. move. of endolymph./perilymph
