Esophagus/stomach

Question 1

Mucosa components for esohpagus

Answer 1

St. sq. non. keratinze
Lp=loose CT w/ immune cells
Musculris muscle=thin layer of sm. muscle

Question 2

Submucosa component

Answer 2

Dense CT w/ lrg. BV/GLAND

Meissner plexus=gastro intestinal gang.

Question 3

Muscular externa layers and middle N.

Answer 3

circular inner
plexus of auerbach (middle)
-AKA meinteric plexus
longitudinal outer

Question 4

Serosa vs. adventia layer

Answer 4

Serosa=sm. sq. epith. 
-overlying CT 
Adventia=dense CT 
-lrg. BV/lymph.
-adipose

Question 5

Esophagus-mucosa components

Answer 5

Epith.=St. sq. non. kert.
-R abrasion from food (also have help w/ mucous gland and saliva)
LP=loose CT w/ immune
-muscularis sep. w/ rest of mucousa and submucosa
BOTH secrete mucous for food movement and bicarb to counteract acid

Question 6

Esophagus-2 glands

Answer 6

Esophageal cardiac gland

Esophageal gland proper

Question 7

Esophageal cardiac glands

Answer 7

W/in LP closer to cardiac

Question 8

Esophageal gland proper

Answer 8

in submucosa closer to oral cavity

under muscularis mucosa and submucosal CT W/ BV/N

Question 9

Esophageal-muscle externa

Answer 9

2 muscle layers beneath the submucosa
Upper 1/3=sk. muscle (near pharynx)
Mid 1/3=sk. and sm. muscle
Lower 1/3=sm. muscle (near stomach)

Question 10

Enteric gang. ASSOC w/ which layer of GIT

Answer 10

Muscularis externa

Question 11

Enteric gang. location

Answer 11

Meisners plexus=submucosa

Myenteric Auerbach plexus=b/w 2 layers of muscularis externa

Question 12

Esophageal-serosa or adventitia content

Answer 12

Dense CT, adipose lrg BV/lynph

Sep. esophagus from lung.

Question 13

Does the stomach’s muscularis externa have 2 or 3 layers?

Answer 13

3 layers w/ different orientation

Question 14

how does stomach disassemble food and epith.?

Answer 14

Disassemble=acid/enzymes
Sim. columnar epith.
-surface mucous cells

Question 15

Stomach organization

Answer 15

Lower esophageal spincter=sm. muscle 
Cardiac 
Fundic=main body
-main acid production 
-ruggae=folding of mucosa/submucosa
  :submucosa, muscularis mucosa/submucosa (physical apperance b/c glandular tissue) 
Pyloric 
Pyloric sphincter=sm. muscle sep. stomach from intestine

Question 16

Glandular tissue found throughout the stomach?

Answer 16

Yes

Grow down into LP

Question 17

Section portion of glandular tissue

Answer 17

Gastric pit=duct
-has surface mucous cells
Neck 
-shorter columnar cell w/ smaller mucous cap
-mucous neck cell 
Secretory=gastric gland

Question 18

Diff. sizes of glands throughout the stomach

Answer 18

Cardiac=pit/scretory same size
Fundic=larger glands than pit
Pyloric=larger pit than glands

Question 19

Fundic mucosa

Answer 19

Light zone
-closer to mouth 
-narrow
-Thin and adoral 
Dark zone 
-farther from mouth 
-wide
-darker and aboral

Question 20

mucous produce in stomach

Answer 20

surface mucous cell

Question 21

Surface mucous cell

Answer 21

Protect
Akaline(bicarb.)=R to stomach acid
Mucin product combines to H2O
-gel like production coating epith. cell/protect from acid
Mucous dnt fully protect cells but incre. cell turnover
Mitoch. w/ carbonic anhydrase contribute to form bicarb.

Question 22

Pyloric and cardiac gland secrete

Answer 22

Mostly mucous/lysozyme (antibact.)

Question 23

Bicarb. a biproduct of acid production?

Answer 23

Yes

Question 24

Cell found w/in gastric glands

Answer 24

All are mainly found in the fundic
Chief Cells
Parital cells
Enteroendocrine cell(throughout the stomach)

Question 25

Chief cells

Answer 25

Found deeper in the gland 
Pepsin enzyme 
-Pepsinogen(inactive) found w/in zymogen granules 
Travles: gland-->lumen-->stomach by merocrine method 
Inre. RER for protein production 
Histo. 
-basal nuclei 
-granules @ surface 
-deeper in gland

Question 26

Parital cells

Answer 26

Found further up in the gland
Tubercle vesicle
Secretory caniculi=location of stomach acid production
-CO2 +H2O–>bicarb(blood and mucous cell) and H+
-NaCl=Cl import
-K+ help balance the ion import
-Caniculi=H+ +Cl–>HCl
Also create intrinsic factor (IF) for vit. B12

Question 27

Enteroendocrine

Answer 27

Produce hormones
Deep in gland
HIsto.
-clear cytoplasm w/ nuceuls off center