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Positioning ll (mine) > Liver and Biliary System > Flashcards

Liver and Biliary System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the largest gland in the body

A

Liver

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2
Q

Falciform ligament divides liver into two major lobes:

A

-right lobe
-left lobe

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3
Q

two minor lobes evident on visceral surface:

A

-caudate lobe
-quadrate lobe

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4
Q

is collected by ducts and carried to gallbladder for storage or passes into duodenum

A

Bile

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5
Q

two blood supplies:

A

-hepatic artery
-portal vein

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6
Q

supplies oxygenated blood from abdominal aorta

A

hepatic artery

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7
Q

carries blood from digestive system to be filtered by liver

A

portal vein

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8
Q

primary function from imaging standpoint of the liver is :

A

production of bile

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9
Q

the biliary system main function:

A
  1. to drain waste products from the liver into the duodenum
  2. to help in digestion with the controlled release of bile
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10
Q

Biliary system consists of :

A

bile ducts and the gallbladder

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11
Q

two main hepatic ducts in the liver:

A

-right
-left

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12
Q

right and left hepatic ducts join to form:

A

common hepatic duct

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13
Q

common hepatic duct unites with:

A

cystic duct to form common bile duct

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14
Q

Thin-walled musculomembranous sac usually found on visceral
surface of right lobe of liver

A

Gallbladder

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14
Q

route for the biliary stystem:

A

1.right/left hepatic ducts
2. common hepatic duct
3. cystic duct: hangs from GB
4. common bile duct
5. pancreatic duct
6. hepatopancreatic ampulla or ampulla of vater

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15
Q

Gallbladder functions:

A

Functions to store and concentrate bile

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15
Q

when does gallbladder evacuate bile

A

when activated by hormone, cholecystokinin

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16
Q

neck of gallbladder is consistent with:

A

cystic duct

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17
Q

produces/ regulates insulin
- cancer prone

A

Pancreas

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18
Q

as a secretion it aids in the emulsification of fats

A

Bile

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19
Q

the distal end of the common bile duct is the:

A

spincter of Oddi, which opens into the duodenum

20
Q

Biliary Tract Procedures

A

-Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
-Postoperative (T-tube) cholangiography
-Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
(ERCP)

20
Q

percutaneous

A

through the skin

20
Q

unites with the pancreatic duct, which then enters the heatopancreatic ampulla or ampulla of vater

A

common bile duct

21
Q

jaundice

A

liver not functioning properly
-yellow

21
Q

-Abbreviated PTC
-Performed on patients with jaundice when the ductal system has
been demonstrated as dilated by computed tomography (CT) or
sonography, but the cause is unclear
-May also be used to place a drainage catheter to treat obstructive
jaundice

A

Percutaneous Transhepatic
Cholangiography

22
Q

-Patient is supine
-Right side surgically prepared and draped
-Local anesthetic administered
-Special “skinny” needle (Chiba) inserted
-Water-soluble iodinated contrast injected
under fluoroscopy
-After ductal system is filled, spot AP projections
are made

A

Percutaneous Transhepatic
Cholangiography

23
Q

Also called delayed cholangiography
* Performed via a T-shaped tube left in
the common hepatic and common bile
ducts for postoperative drainage
* Also called delayed cholangiography
* Performed via a T-shaped tube left in
the common hepatic and common bile
ducts for postoperative drainage

A

Postoperative (T-Tube)
Cholangiography

23
Q

Patient positioned in RPO
position with right upper
quadrant centered to IR
* Contrast media injected
into T-tube under
fluoroscopy
* Spot and conventional
images made as indicated

A

Postoperative (T-Tube)
Cholangiography

24
Q
  • Used to diagnose biliary and pancreatic pathologic conditions
  • Useful method when ducts are not dilated and ampulla is not obstructed
  • Performed by passing a fiber-optic endoscope through the mouth into
    the duodenum under fluoroscopy
  • Patient’s throat is sprayed with a local anesthetic to make passage of
    endoscope easier
  • The hepatopancreatic ampulla is cannulated
  • Contrast is injected into the common bile duct
  • Spot and conventional images are taken as indicated
A

ERCP- Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography

RAO or lateral position

25
Q

What level is the gallbladder at

A

level of the elbow depending on body habitus

26
Q

deoxygenerated blood

A

portal vein

27
Q

oxygenerated blood

A

hepatic artery

28
Q

hormone that activates gallbladder to release bile

A

cholecystokinin

29
Q

What produces the bile in the gall bladder system?

A

the liver

30
Q

when the right and left hepatic duct come out the liver what do they make

A

they make the common hepatic duct

31
Q

When the liver makes the bile and we are not using it but we are going to store it where?

A

in the gallbladder

32
Q

What are the components of the gallbladder

A

-neck
-body
-fundus

33
Q

The bile stays in the gallbladder til we need it what hormone excites it and tells it to release it

A

cholecystokinlin

34
Q

Cystic ducts comes from the gallbladder and meets with the common hepatic duct to form what

A

the common bile duct

35
Q

the common bile duct meets up with what

A

the pancreatic duct

36
Q

when the common bile meets up with the pancreatic duct it empties where

A

in the duodenum spincter of Oddi

37
Q

Most common study for the gallbladder:

A

-ERCP
-PTC
- T tube cholangiography

38
Q

What does ERCP stand for?

A

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography

39
Q

What does the pancreas produce

A

insulin

40
Q

What does PTC study stand for?

A

Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography

41
Q

Is done after the gallbladder is removed
- a t tube
-for bile

A

T- tube cholangiography

42
Q

used to diagnose biliary and pancreatic pathologic conditions
- useful method when ducts are not dilated and ampulla is not obstrutced
-contrast is injected into the common bile duct

A

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

43
Q
  • largest and most active gland in the body
  • two main lobes and several lobules
  • lobules produce bile that is carried away and store in the gallbladder
  • stores glycogen
  • detoxifies waste
  • plays a major role in metabolism
A

Liver

44
Q
  • thin walled sac with capacity of approximately 2 oz
  • concentrates and stores bile and evacuates bile during digestion
  • concentration of gallbladder is controlled by the hormone cholecystokinin
A

Gallbladder

45
Q

contraction of gallbladder is controlled by what hormone

A

cholecystokinin

Positioning ll (mine) (16 decks)

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