Liver and Biliary System

Question 1

What is the largest gland in the body

Answer 1

Liver

Question 2

Falciform ligament divides liver into two major lobes:

Answer 2

-right lobe
-left lobe

Question 3

two minor lobes evident on visceral surface:

Answer 3

-caudate lobe
-quadrate lobe

Question 4

is collected by ducts and carried to gallbladder for storage or passes into duodenum

Answer 4

Bile

Question 5

two blood supplies:

Answer 5

-hepatic artery
-portal vein

Question 6

supplies oxygenated blood from abdominal aorta

Answer 6

hepatic artery

Question 7

carries blood from digestive system to be filtered by liver

Answer 7

portal vein

Question 8

primary function from imaging standpoint of the liver is :

Answer 8

production of bile

Question 9

the biliary system main function:

Answer 9

1. to drain waste products from the liver into the duodenum
2. to help in digestion with the controlled release of bile

Question 10

Biliary system consists of :

Answer 10

bile ducts and the gallbladder

Question 11

two main hepatic ducts in the liver:

Answer 11

-right
-left

Question 12

right and left hepatic ducts join to form:

Answer 12

common hepatic duct

Question 13

common hepatic duct unites with:

Answer 13

cystic duct to form common bile duct

Question 14

Thin-walled musculomembranous sac usually found on visceral
surface of right lobe of liver

Answer 14

Gallbladder

Question 14

route for the biliary stystem:

Answer 14

1.right/left hepatic ducts
2. common hepatic duct
3. cystic duct: hangs from GB
4. common bile duct
5. pancreatic duct
6. hepatopancreatic ampulla or ampulla of vater

Question 15

Gallbladder functions:

Answer 15

Functions to store and concentrate bile

Question 15

when does gallbladder evacuate bile

Answer 15

when activated by hormone, cholecystokinin

Question 16

neck of gallbladder is consistent with:

Answer 16

cystic duct

Question 17

produces/ regulates insulin
- cancer prone

Answer 17

Pancreas

Question 18

as a secretion it aids in the emulsification of fats

Answer 18

Bile

Question 19

the distal end of the common bile duct is the:

Answer 19

spincter of Oddi, which opens into the duodenum

Question 20

Biliary Tract Procedures

Answer 20

-Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
-Postoperative (T-tube) cholangiography
-Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
(ERCP)

Question 20

percutaneous

Answer 20

through the skin

Question 20

unites with the pancreatic duct, which then enters the heatopancreatic ampulla or ampulla of vater

Answer 20

common bile duct

Question 21

jaundice

Answer 21

liver not functioning properly -yellow

Question 21

-Abbreviated PTC -Performed on patients with jaundice when the ductal system has been demonstrated as dilated by computed tomography (CT) or sonography, but the cause is unclear -May also be used to place a drainage catheter to treat obstructive jaundice

Answer 21

Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography

Question 22

-Patient is supine -Right side surgically prepared and draped -Local anesthetic administered -Special “skinny” needle (Chiba) inserted -Water-soluble iodinated contrast injected under fluoroscopy -After ductal system is filled, spot AP projections are made

Answer 22

Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography

Question 23

Also called delayed cholangiography * Performed via a T-shaped tube left in the common hepatic and common bile ducts for postoperative drainage * Also called delayed cholangiography * Performed via a T-shaped tube left in the common hepatic and common bile ducts for postoperative drainage

Answer 23

Postoperative (T-Tube) Cholangiography

Question 23

Patient positioned in RPO position with right upper quadrant centered to IR * Contrast media injected into T-tube under fluoroscopy * Spot and conventional images made as indicated

Answer 23

Postoperative (T-Tube) Cholangiography

Question 24

* Used to diagnose biliary and pancreatic pathologic conditions * Useful method when ducts are not dilated and ampulla is not obstructed * Performed by passing a fiber-optic endoscope through the mouth into the duodenum under fluoroscopy * Patient’s throat is sprayed with a local anesthetic to make passage of endoscope easier * The hepatopancreatic ampulla is cannulated * Contrast is injected into the common bile duct * Spot and conventional images are taken as indicated

Answer 24

ERCP- Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography RAO or lateral position

Question 25

What level is the gallbladder at

Answer 25

level of the elbow depending on body habitus

Question 26

deoxygenerated blood

Answer 26

portal vein

Question 27

oxygenerated blood

Answer 27

hepatic artery

Question 28

hormone that activates gallbladder to release bile

Answer 28

cholecystokinin

Question 29

What produces the bile in the gall bladder system?

Answer 29

the liver

Question 30

when the right and left hepatic duct come out the liver what do they make

Answer 30

they make the common hepatic duct

Question 31

When the liver makes the bile and we are not using it but we are going to store it where?

Answer 31

in the gallbladder

Question 32

What are the components of the gallbladder

Answer 32

-neck -body -fundus

Question 33

The bile stays in the gallbladder til we need it what hormone excites it and tells it to release it

Answer 33

cholecystokinlin

Question 34

Cystic ducts comes from the gallbladder and meets with the common hepatic duct to form what

Answer 34

the common bile duct

Question 35

the common bile duct meets up with what

Answer 35

the pancreatic duct

Question 36

when the common bile meets up with the pancreatic duct it empties where

Answer 36

in the duodenum spincter of Oddi

Question 37

Most common study for the gallbladder:

Answer 37

-ERCP -PTC - T tube cholangiography

Question 38

What does ERCP stand for?

Answer 38

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography

Question 39

What does the pancreas produce

Answer 39

insulin

Question 40

What does PTC study stand for?

Answer 40

Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiography

Question 41

Is done after the gallbladder is removed - a t tube -for bile

Answer 41

T- tube cholangiography

Question 42

used to diagnose biliary and pancreatic pathologic conditions - useful method when ducts are not dilated and ampulla is not obstrutced -contrast is injected into the common bile duct

Answer 42

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

Question 43

- largest and most active gland in the body - two main lobes and several lobules - lobules produce bile that is carried away and store in the gallbladder - stores glycogen - detoxifies waste - plays a major role in metabolism

Answer 43

Liver

Question 44

- thin walled sac with capacity of approximately 2 oz - concentrates and stores bile and evacuates bile during digestion - concentration of gallbladder is controlled by the hormone cholecystokinin

Answer 44

Gallbladder

Question 45

contraction of gallbladder is controlled by what hormone

Answer 45

cholecystokinin