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Positioning ll (mine) > Anatomy and Procedures of the Small Intestine > Flashcards

Anatomy and Procedures of the Small Intestine Flashcards

1
Q

Extends from pyloric sphincter to ileocecal valve

A

Small Intestine

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2
Q

How long is the average adult length of the small intestine

A

22 feet

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3
Q

What 3 portions make up the small intestine?

A

-duodenum
-jejunum
-lleum

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4
Q

What is the shortest section of the small intestine?

A

duodenum

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4
Q

What is the terminal (the end) section of the small intestine?

A

lleum

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5
Q

What is the shaped and length of the duodenum?

A

is 8 to 10 inches long and C-shaped

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6
Q

Small bowel is considered what kind of procedure?

A

A time procedure

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6
Q

When will you take your first picture after given the barium for a small bowel?

A

About 15 minutes

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7
Q

What ligament holds the duodenum in place?

A

the ligament of Treitz

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7
Q

Portion that joins jejunum is a sharp curve called:

A

duodenojejunal flexure

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7
Q

What is the first portion of the duodenum called

A

duodenal bulb

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8
Q

What is the function of the small intestine:

A

-digestion and absorption of food
-absorbs nutrients

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8
Q

What is the dietary for small bowel and stomach?

A

NPO

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8
Q

How long does it take for the barium to go through the small bowel?

A

2 to 3 hours

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9
Q

Average transit time to ileocecal valve

A

2 to 3 hours

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10
Q

contraction waves by which the
digestive tube propels contents toward the
rectum

A

Peristalsis

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11
Q

What four layers are move by peristalsisin the esophagus?

A

-fibrous
-muscular
-submucosal
-mucosal

12
Q

Why are iodinated solutions not typically used for the alimentary canal ?

A

Iodinated solutions become diluted in the small intestines, so clear anatomic detail cannot be seen and it absorbs too quickly

12
Q

What is the most common contrast for the alimentary canal ?

A

Barium sulfate
but water soluable iodinated contrast media may also be used

13
Q

What do the villi do for the small intestine?

A

they are the ones that help absorb the nutrient

14
Q

Before beginning examination, the
radiographer should

A

*Describe the contrast media and administration
(i.e., taste, enema tip insertion).
* Inform the patient that the room will be darkened
during the procedure.
* Introduce the patient and fluoroscopist to each
other.

14
Q

What is peristalsis affected by :

A

body habitus,
pathology, use of narcotic pain medicine,
body position, and respiration

15
Q

where is peristalsis greater in ?

A

*Peristalsis greatest in stomach and duodenum
* Slows in distal part of GI tract

16
Q

what do you want for your time and kvp

A

-fast exposure
-high kvp

17
Q

how much time does hypermotility require

A

0.1 seconds or less

17
Q

normal peristaltic activity

A

exposure time no longer than 0.2 seconds and never longer than 0.5 s

18
Q

what breathing technique are exposures made for a small bowel :

A

on expiration

18
Q

When do you know you have completed the small intestine study and is time to go to the large intestine?

A

When the barium has reached the ileocecal valve or the cecum

18
Q

Barium or other opaque contrast
administered one of three ways

A

 Orally
 Reflux filling via large-volume barium enema
 Direct injection via a tube placed into the small
bowel, termed enteroclysis

19
Q

What is the most common way that barium or other opaque contrast is given

A

Oral method most common

20
Q

Patient Prep for Small Intestine
Examination

A

*Soft or low-residue diet for 2 days before
study
*Food and fluid withheld after evening meal on
day before examination
* Breakfast withheld on day of examination
* Cleansing enema for colon may be
administered

20
Q

what three exams are timed

A

*IVU
*Small bowel
- decub abdomen

21
Q

Termed small bowel series because several
identical images are produced at timed
intervals
Each image identified with time marker
indicating interval since ingestion of barium
Images obtained with patient in either supine
or prone position*

A

Oral method of small bowel

22
Q

Why is supine used for oral method of examination

A

-To take advantage of superior and lateral shift of
stomach, which improves visualization of
duodenum and jejunum
-To prevent compression of overlapping loops of
intestine

23
Q

why is prone used for oral method of examination

A

To compress abdomen and increase image quality

24
Q

When are the images usually taken for the oral method of examination

A

First image usually taken 15 minutes after
ingestion of barium
* Next interval varies between 15 and 30
minutes
* Radiologist inspects each image
* Varies procedures according to individual
*When barium reaches ileocecal region, uses
fluoroscopy to obtain compression radiographs

25
Q

When is the oral method of examination complete

A

Examination complete when barium seen in
cecum
* Typically 2 hours after ingestion in patients with
normal motility

26
Q

Essential projections for small intestine:

A

AP or PA KUB at time intervals

27
Q

Patient position for PA or AP small intestine

A

Supine or prone

28
Q

Part position for PA or AP small intestine

A

Part position
 MSP centered
 For 30-minute interval, center IR at level of L2
 For delayed images, center IR at iliac crests

29
Q

Criteria for AP/PA small intestine

A

*Entire small intestine on each image
* Stomach on initial image
* Time marker
*Vertebral column centered
* Complete examination when barium reaches
cecum

Positioning ll (mine) (16 decks)

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