Alimentary Canal Self Test Flashcards
In which body habitus type is the stomach almost horizontal and high in the abdomen?
hypersthenic
which curvature is located on the right (medial) border of the stomach?
lesser curvature
Which area is the most inferior part of the stomach?
pylorus
Which area is the most superior part of the stomach?
fundus
the distal esophagus empties its contents into which of the following?
cardiac antrum
which opening is located between the stomach and small intestine?
pyloric orifice
which opening is at the distal end of the small intestine?
lleocecal orifice
which structure is the proximal part of the small intestine
duodenum
which structure is at the distal part of the small intestine
lleum
in which abdominal region does the large intestine originate
right iliac
which structure is the proximal part of the large intestine
cecum
which part of the large intestine is located between the ascending and descending parts of the colon?
transverse colon
which structure is located between the ascending colon and the transverse colon?
right colic flexure
where in the large intestine is the left colic flexure located?
between the transverse colon and descending colon
which structures is the pouchlike part of the large intestine situated below the junction of the ileum and the colon
cecum
where in the large intestine is the sigmoid located?
between the descending colon and the rectum
approximately how long does it usually take a barium meal to reach the rectum?
24 hours
approximately how long does it usually take the first part of the barium meal to reach the ileocecal valve?
2 to 3 hours
which type of contrast medium is most commonly used for examining the upper GI tract?
a barium sulfate suspension
which two imaging modalities are most commonly used to examine the alimentary canal after the introduction of a barium product?
fluoroscopy and radiography
to demonstrate swallowing function best, in which position should the patient be placed to begin the fluoroscopic phase of single-contrast examinations of the esophagus?
Upright
which two recumbent oblique positions can be used to demonstrate best an unobstructed image of a barium-filled esophagus between the vertebrae and the heart?
RAO and LPO
Which of the following is a major advantage of double- contrast UGI examination over single-contrast UGI examination?
small lesions on the mucosal lining are better demonstrated
which descriptions refers to the biphasic GI examination?
combination single-contrast and double-contrast study of the upper GI tract
which body habitus produces the greater visceral movement when a patient is moved from prone position to the upright position
asthenic
for the PA projection as part of the UGI examination why should the lower lungs fields be included on a 14 x 17 IR?
to demonstrate a possible hiatal hernia
for the double contrast UGI examination, which projection produces the best image of a gas-filled duodenal bulb and pyloric canal?
AP oblique projection, recumbent LPO position
For the single contrast UGI examination with the patient recumbent, which projection produces the best images of a barium filled pyloric canal and duodenal bulb in patients whose habitus approximates the sthenic type
PA oblique projection RAO position
For the UGII examination with the patient recumbent which projections best stimulates gastric peristalsis to demonstrate the pyloric canal and duodenal bulb better?
PA oblique projection RAO position
which breathing technique procedure should the patient perform when UGI images are exposed?
suspended expiration
for the double-contrast UGI examination with the patient recumbent, which projection produces the best image of a gas filled fundus
PA oblique projection RAO position
for the UGI examination with the patient recumbent which projection best demonstrates the right retrogastric space?
right lateral projection
For the AP projection with the patient supine ( as part of the UGI exam) which procedure should demonstrate best a diaphragmatic herniation (hiatal hernia)?
tilt the table and patient into a full Trendelenburg position
To which level of the patient should the central ray be directed for the PA oblique projection, RAO position as part of the UGI exam?
L1-L2
Which examinations of the alimentary canal requires that a series of images be taken specific times intervals
small bowel series
which structures when visualized on an image as part of the small bowel series, usually indicates the completion of the examination
cecum
what is the proper sequence for filling the large intestine with barium when performing a BE?
rectum, sigmoid, descending colon, transverse colon, and ascending colon
which instructions should be given to the patient if cramping is experienced during filling of the large intestine for a BE?
concentrate on deep oral breathing
before the enema tip is inserted during a BE, why should a small amount of barium sulfate mixture be allowed to run into a waste basin?
to remove air from the tube
which procedure should be accomplished when inserting the enema tip for a BE?
ensure that the tip
which structures of the large intestine are of primary interest with AP axial or PA axial projection during a BE?
sigmoid and rectum
rectum how many degrees and in which direction should the central ray be directed for the PA axial projection during a BE?
30 to 40 degrees caudal
which structures of the large intestine is of primary interest for the PA oblique projection RAO position during BE examinations
right colic flexure
which two obliques projections can be performed to demonstrate best the left colic flexure during a BE?
PA oblique projection LAO position, AP oblique projection RPO position
