Liver Flashcards
Site of liver
- Right Hypochondrium
- Epigastrium
- (May extend to) left Hypochondrium
Liver borders are all ill-defined except
Inferior border
Describe the structures dividing Liver into right large & left small lobes
- Falciform ligament: divides Anterior & superior surfaces
- Round ligament/Ligamentum teres: divides inferior surface
- Fissure for Ligamentum venosum: divides posterior surface
Relations of Anterior surface of Liver
Mostly Diaphragm, seperating it from pleura and lung, except:
* Area 1 hand breadth below xiphoid process
* Area 1 finger breadth below Right Costal margin
* These areas are directly related anteriorly to Anterior Abdominal wall
Gives attachement to falciform ligament
Relations of Superior Surface of Liver
Diaphragm, seperating it From:
* Right lung & pleura
* Pericardium & heart
* small portion of Left lung & pleura
Gives attachement to Falciform ligament
Relations of Right surface of Liver
Diaphragm, seperating it from:
* Right lung & pleura
* right 7th to 11th Ribs
Enumerate features shown on Posterior surface of Diaphragm from left to right
- Eosophageal groove
- Ligamentum venosum
- Caudate lobe
- Groove for IVC
- Bare Area
eosophageal groove is located left to —- & is directly related to —-
- groove for ligamentum venosum
- Abdominal Eosophagus
In intrauterine life, ductus venosus connected
left branch of potral vein to IVC
Margins of Ligamentum venosum fissure gives attachement to
Lesser omentum
Boundaries of Caudate lobe
- Ligamentum venosum (left side)
- IVC groove (right side)
- Porta Hepatis (inferiorly)
- Superior surface of liver (superiorly)
Structures related to Caudate lobe (in order from Anterior to posterior)
- Superior recess of Lesser sac
- Diaphragm
- Abdominal Aorta
2 processes formed by Caudate lobe of liver
- Inferior & to left: papillary proccess
- Inferior & to the right: Caudate process
Caudate process connects Caudate lobe with right lobe + formes Upper boundary of Epiploic foramen
Peritoneal Covering of IVC groove
- Not Covered by peritoneum (bare area)
- it is occasionaly bridged over by pons hepatis, transforming the fissure into a tunnel
- its upper part is peirced by right & left hepatic veins
Bare area proper is directly related to
- Diaphragm
- Right Suprarenal gland (upper part)
Boundaries of bare area proper of liver
- Left(base):IVC groove
- Above: Upper layer of coronary ligament
- Below: Lower layer of Coronary ligament
- (right) Apex: right triangular ligament
triangular in shape
Enumerate features/ direct relations of Inferior/ visceral surface of liver from left to right
9 features/relations
2. 1. Gastric impression (stomach body & fundus)
2. Tuber omental (related to anterior surface of lesser omentum)
3. Ligamentum teres fissure
4. Quadrate Lobe
5. Gall bladder fossa
6. duodenal impression (2nd part duodenum)
7. Colic impression (right colic flexure)
8. Renal impression (right kidney)
9. Supra renal Impression (lower part of right suprarenal gland)
In intrauterine life, ligamentum teres was—-, it passes in—- for draining in left portal vein
- left Umbilical Vein
- Free border of Falciform ligament
Border (boundaries) of Quadrate lobe
- Left: Ligamentum teres fissure
- Right: gall bladder fossa
- Above: porta Hepatis
- Below: inferior border of Liver
Quadrate lobe is directly related to (from below upwards)
- Transverse Colon
- Pyloroduodenal Junction
- Lesser Omentum
Site of Porta hepatis
Between Caudate lobe of posterior surface of liver & Quadrate lobe of Inferior surface of liver
Margins of Porta hepatis give attachement to
lesser omentum
Similar to Fissure for ligamentum teres
Contents of Porta Hepatis (from anterior to posterior)
- Right & left hepatic Ducts
- Right & left branches of Hepatic Artery
- Hepatic N plexus (around Hepatic A)
- Right & left branches of Portal Vein
- Lymph vessels, nodes & extraperitoneal Fat
Liver is completely Covered in peritoneum except
- Bare Area proper
- IVC Groove
- Gall bladder fossa
Enumerate peritoneal Ligament of the liver
5 peritoneal Ligaments:
* Lesser Omentum (Gastro-hepatic Ligament)
* Falciform ligament
* Coronary ligament
* Right Triangular ligament
* Left triangular ligament
Layers of Falciform ligament & their attachement
- Anterior layer: to anterior abdominal wall
- Posterior layer: to liver (anterior & superior surface)
Borders of Falciform ligament & their attachements
- Concave border (facing liver): attached to superior & anterior surface of liver
- Convex border (facing away from liver): attached to Diaphragm & Anterior abdominal wall
- Lower free border: surrounds ligamentum teres & paraumbilical Veins
Contents of Falciform ligament
- Ligamentum teres
- Paraumbilical Veins
- Lymph vessels
- Extraperitoneal fat
Describe blood supply & drainage of Liver
- 70% from portal Vein
- 30% from Hepatic A
blood is mixed inside sinusoids, then collected in a central vein, which form 3 hepatic veins that drain into IVC (Right, left & middle Hepatic Veins)
