Literature poetry terms

Question 1

Fixed (closed) poetry forms

Answer 1

poems that follow patterns of lines, meter, rhymes, and stanzas (follows specific rules)

Question 2

Open poetry forms

Answer 2

poetry that does not follow a regular, predictable pattern of rhyme, rhythm/meter, or line length (relies on natural speech rhythms)

Question 3

Fixed Form examples

Answer 3

Terza Rima, sonnet, sestina, villanelle, ballad, limerick

Question 4

Sonnet

Answer 4

normally a fourteen-line iambic pentameter poem

Question 5

Italian (petrarchan) sonnet

Answer 5

eight-rhyme-linked lines (octave) plus six rhyme-linked lines (sestet) with either ABBAABBA CDECDE or ABBACDDC DEFDEF

Question 6

Shakespearean (english)

Answer 6

three quatrains (four-line units) and a couplet ADAD CDCD EFEF GG

Question 7

Speserian

Answer 7

lines are grouped into three interlocked quatrains and a couplet ABAB BCBC CDCD EE

Question 8

Sestina

Answer 8

written in blank verse of six stanzas of six lines each followed by three-line stanza (final words of each line in first stanza appear in variable order in the next five stanza and repeated in the middle and at the end of te three lines in final stanza)

Question 9

Blank verse

Answer 9

poetry written with regular metrical but unrhymed lines, almost always in iambic pentameter

Question 10

Villanelle

Answer 10

19 lines divided into 6 stanzas - 5 tercets three line stanza) and 1 quatrain (4 line stanza). First and third lines of the first tercet rhyme with each other and this rhme is repeated through each of the next 4 tercets and last two lines of concluding quatrain (also known for its repetition of select lines)

Question 11

Ballad

Answer 11

originally meant to be sung, repetition of often by a refrain (recurrent phrase or series of phrases)

Question 12

Limerick

Answer 12

light of humorous verse, mainly anapestic lines - first, econd, and fifth lines are thre feet; thirs and fourth lines are two feet; ABBA (usually irrelevant and funny)
- 5 lines

Question 13

Free verse

Answer 13

no set meter but may or may not be rhyme

Question 14

Alexandrine

Answer 14

line of verse of 12 syllables of 6 iambs with a caesura after the third iamb

Question 15

Caesura

Answer 15

short pause within a line of poetry; often but not always sigaled by punctuation

Question 16

Alliteration

Answer 16

occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words. ( ‘tasty tacos’ is considered an alliteration, but ‘thirty typist’ is not, because ‘th’ and ‘ty’ don’t sound the same.)
- The repetition of a beginning consonant sound, usually in a line or verse or in a sentence.

Question 17

Allusion

Answer 17

brief reference to something outside the text

Question 18

Anadiplosis

Answer 18

word or group of words located at the end of one clause/line is repeated at or near the beginning of the following clause/line
- this place to find some ease / ease to the body

Question 19

Apostrophe

Answer 19

someone who is usually absent or nonexistent is directly addressed as though they are present

Question 20

Assonance

Answer 20

repetition of idetical or similar vowel sounds with dissimilar consonant sounds

Question 21

Consonance

Answer 21

repetition of similar consonant sounds (opposite of assonance)
- consonant will repeat

Question 22

Ekphrasis

Answer 22

vivid description of a painting

Question 23

Epistrophe

Answer 23

repetition of a word or phrase at end of successive clauses (can be internal)

Question 24

Anphora

Answer 24

repetition of eginning words in consecutive lines (opp of epistrophe)

Question 25

Feminine Rhyme

Answer 25

rhyme of two syllables, one stressed and one unstressed (double rhyme)
- stocking / shocking

Question 26

Masculine Rhyme

Answer 26

rhyme of final stressed syllables
- confess / redress

Question 27

Rhyme Royal

Answer 27

seven-line stanza of 10 syllables iambic pentameter ABABBCC

Question 28

Auditor

Answer 28

imaginary listener within a work as opposed to a reader or audience outside the work

Question 29

conceit

Answer 29

elaborate and fanciful metaphor or analogy, or a witty and ingenious comparison between two things which do not naturally belong to each other

Question 30

Elegy

Answer 30

(1) formal lament on death of particular person but focusing mainly on speaker’s efforts to come to terms with their grief (2) more broadly any lyric in a sorrowful mood and takes death as its primary subject

Question 31

End-Stopped

Answer 31

line with a pause at the end
- lines that end in period, comma, colon, semicolon, exclamation point, question mark

Question 32

Enjambment

Answer 32

running over from one line to the next without stopping

Question 33

Extended metaphot

Answer 33

implied analogy that is carried throughout a stanza or entire poem

Question 34

Lyric Poem

Answer 34

short poems that present a single speaker who expressed thoughts and feelings
- about love, religion, reading
- sonnets and odes

Question 35

Meter

Answer 35

repetition of regular rhythmic unit in the line of poetry

Question 36

Scansion

Answer 36

scanning a poem for meter by identifying number and types of feet per line

Question 37

Narrative Poem

Answer 37

NON-dramatic poem that tells a story
- can be long. short, complex, noncomplex

Question 38

Ode

Answer 38

lyric poem about a serious topic and formal tone without prescribed formal pattern

Question 39

Refrain

Answer 39

group of words forming a phrase and consisting of one or more lines repeated at intervals in a poem

Question 40

End rhyme

Answer 40

occurs when last words of poem rhyme

Question 41

Slant/near rhyme

Answer 41

rhyme that is slightly off bc final consonant sound correspond but not the vowels

Question 42

internal rhyme

Answer 42

word within a line rhymes with another word in same or adjacent lines

Question 43

eye rhyme

Answer 43

sight rhyme bc they look like they do but they don’t actually rhyme

Question 44

Rhyme Scheme

Answer 44

pattern of end rhymes in a poem

Question 45

Rhyme

Answer 45

modulation of weak and strong (stressed and unstressed) syllables often expressed in meter

Question 46

Terza Rima

Answer 46

3 line stanza rhymed ABA BCB CDC

Question 47

Anaphora

Answer 47

word or group of words is repeated at the beginning of two or more successive clauses or sentences.