Integumentary Flashcards
Epidermis
outer layer of skin, waterproof, protects internal environment, contains melanocytes
Dermis
under epidermis, contains sweat and oil glands, tiny muscles attached to hair follicles (arrector pill)
Subcutaneous layer
under dermis, layer of loose connective tissue connecting skin to the surface muscles, contains blood vessels and fat
Adipocytes
fat cells that make up most of the subcutaneous layer
Arrector pili
tiny muscle the attaches to the hair follicle
Hair
keratinized fibers that arise from hair follicles
Hair follicle
area from which hair grows, located in dermis
Keratin
protein found in epithelial cells that helps form hair, skin, and nails, promoting hardness
Keratinocytes
cells that make up the epidermal layer of skin and assist in waterproofing the body, produces keratin
Melanocytes
cells that give color to skin, eyes, hair
Nail
Translucent plate made up of keratin covering and protecting ends of fingers and toes
Sebaceous glands
secrete oil (sebum) into hair follicle and to epidermis
Sebum
oily secretion of sebaceous gland
Sudoriferous glands
secrete sweat to the outside of the body, assist in body temp regulation
Cry/o
cold
Cyan/o
blue
Derm/o
skin
Cutane/o
skin
Erythr/o
red
Hidr/o
sweat
Kerat/o
hard
Scler/o
hard
Melan/o
black, dark
Myc/o
fungus
Necr/o
death
Onych/o
nail
Pachy/o
thick
Py/o
pus
Rhytid/o
wrinkle
Seb/o
sebum
Trich/o
hair
Xanth/o
yellow
Xer/o
dry
Epi-
on, following
Para-
beside
Sub-
below, beneath
-derma
skin condition
-ectomy
excision, surgical removal
-genic
originating, producing
-malacia
softening
-phagia
to eat
-plasia
formation, growth
-tome
instrument used to cut
Atypical
unusual
Circumscribed
contained to a specific area
-osis
condition, state
Cyanosis
blue discoloration of the skin and other tissues
Diaphoresis
profuse sweating
Dia-
through, throughout, or completely
-phoresis
transmission
Dysplasia
abnormal growth of tissue
Dys-
abnormal , painful
-plasia
growth, formation
Erythematous
condition of being red
Eschar
blacked area of burned tissue
Exfoliation
shedding of surface components
Hyperplasia
increase in the number of cells in organ or tissue (are not cancer, but may become cancer)
Indurated
thickening and hardening of soft tissues of the body, specifically the skin
Integumentary
body’s outer layer
Pallor
Paleness
Inflammation
dolor, calor, tumor, rubor, functio laesa
Pruritic
itchy
Purulent
containing or producing pus
Sebaceous
secreting sebum
Sudoriferous
producing or conveying sweat (sweat glands)
Turgor
elasticity (skin’s elasticity)
Medical esthetician
licensed skin care specialists who work together with other medical professionals in medical settings doing laser and light-based procedures. Medical estheticians help patients with skin conditions, skin traumas and aging skin to heal and rejuvenate the appearance of the skin
Bx
Biopsy
C&S
culture and sensitivity (to find germs like bacteria or fungus that can cause an infection)
ED&C
Electrodesiccation and curettage
FS
Frozen section: biopsy procedure that allows a surgeon to remove a portion of tissue mass and est a rapid diagnosis of a suspicious mass during surgery (AKA “cryosection”)
PPD
Purified Protein Derivative used to identify TB infection
Abscess
enclosed collection of pus in tissues, organs, or confined spaces in the body
Superficial burn
affecting only epidermis, like a sunburn
Partial-thickness burn
affecting epidermis and dermis, blister forms
Full-thickness burn
affecting subcutaneous layer (many colors)
Carbuncle
cluster of boils — painful, pus-filled bumps — that form a connected area of infection under the skin
Cellulitis
common bacterial skin infection that causes redness, swelling, and pain in the infected area of the skin
Cauterization
To destroy tissue using a hot or cold instrument, an electrical current, or a chemical that burns or dissolves the tissue (kill tumors or seal off blood vessels)
Cryosurgery
procedure in which an extremely cold liquid or an instrument called a cryoprobe is used to freeze and destroy abnormal tissue
Debridement
doctor removes dead tissue from a wound (dead tissue gives bacteria a place to grow which can cause infection)
Dermatoautoplasty
grafting of skin from one part of the body to another
Dermatoheteroplatsy
grafting of skin obtained from a member of a different species
Scabicide
Products used to treat scabies bc they kill scabies mites
Pediculicide
an agent that destroys lice
Intralesional injection
direct delivery of medication percutaneously into skin lesions
Antipruritic
anti-itching
Dermatome
areas of skin on your body that rely on specific nerve connections on your spine
Excision
The removal of tissue from the body using a scalpel (a sharp knife), laser, or other cutting tool
Incision
A cut made in the body to perform surgery
I&D
incision and drainage
Irrigation
washing out an organ (such as the stomach or colon), a body cavity, or a wound by flushing it with a fluid
Rhytidectomy
excision of skin for the removal of wrinkles, “face lift” (removal of wrinkles)
Rhytidoplasty
“plastic surgery for the elimination of wrinkles from the skin” (basically same as rhytidectomy)
Cicatrix
scar resulting from formation and contraction of fibrous tissue in a wound
Comedo
small, flesh-colored, white, or dark bumps (caused by acne) that give skin a rough texture
Contusion
(bruise) direct blow to the body that can cause damage to the surface of the skin and to deeper tissues as well depending on the severity of the blow
Cyst
closed, sac-like pocket of tissue that can form anywhere in the body, may be filled with fluid, air, pus, or other material. Most cysts are benign (not cancer)
- Some of the cells in the top layer of skin produce keratin, a protein that gives skin its strength and flexibility. Normally, these cells move up to the surface of the skin as they start to die so they can be shed. But the cells sometimes move deeper into the skin and multiply, forming a sac
Decubitus ulcer
Damage to an area of the skin caused by constant pressure on the area for a long time (pressure leads to lessen blood flow and tissue death)
Eczema
skin becomes inflamed, forms blisters, and becomes crusty, thick, and scaly
Excoriation
conscious repetitive picking of skin that leads to skin lesions and significant distress or functional impairment
Furuncle
boils: painful, pus-filled bump that forms under your skin when bacteria infect and inflame one or more of your hair follicles
Gangrene
loss of blood supply causes body tissue to die
Herpes simplex
A type of virus that causes herpes infections and has DNA as its genetic material
Herpes zoster
Shingles: painful, blistering skin rash, caused by the varicella-zoster virus, a member of the herpes family of viruses
Impetigo
superficial bacterial skin infection that is highly contagious, caused by Streptococcus pyogenes and/or Staphylococcus aureus (that crusty yellow around mouth)
Fissure
crack-like sore/slit that extends through epidermis intp dermis (AKA athlete’s foot)
Keloid
growth of extra scar tissue
Lesion
any area of your skin that’s abnormal from the skin around it
Macule
discoloration of the skin (freckle)
Nevus
A benign (not cancer) growth on the skin that is formed by a cluster of melanocytes (usually dark and may be raised from the skin)
Nodule
a larger papule
Papule
solid, circumscribed, elevated area on skin (pimple)
Paronychia
Nail Infection: An infection of the soft tissue around a fingernail or toenail that begins suddenly and can get worse quickly
Pediculosis
infestation of the hairy parts of the body or clothing with the eggs, larvae or adults of lice
Psoriasis
chronic disease of the skin marked by red patches covered with white scales
Pustule
small, inflamed, pus-filled, blister-like sores
Rosacea
common skin condition that causes blushing or flushing and visible blood vessels in your face
Scabies
infestation of the skin by the human itch mite
Tinea
common infection of the skin and nails that is caused by fungus (AKA ringworm bc causes itchy, red, circular rash)
Tinea capitis
“ringworm of the scalp” causes itchy, scaly, bald patches on head)
Tinea pedis
“athlete’s foot”: an infection of the skin and feet that can be caused by a variety of different fungi
Urticaria
Itchy, raised red areas on the skin (AKA hives)
Varicella
disease caused by the varicella zoster virus (skin rash of blister that cover body but concentrated on face, scalp, trunk)
Verruca
small, rough, raised or flattened lumps that occur over the pressure areas of the feet (AKA plantar warts)
Vesicle
A small sac formed by a membrane and filled with liquid on the epidermis (AKA blister)
Vitiligo
chronic (long-lasting) autoimmune disorder that causes patches of skin to lose pigment or color (melanocytes are attacked and destroyed causing skin to turn milky-white)
Wheal
localized elevation of skin sometimes with itching
Xanthoderma
yellow to orange discoloration of skin
pediculus
lice
-cide
killer
