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2023 HOSA Medical Term > Integumentary > Flashcards

Integumentary Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Epidermis

A

outer layer of skin, waterproof, protects internal environment, contains melanocytes

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2
Q

Dermis

A

under epidermis, contains sweat and oil glands, tiny muscles attached to hair follicles (arrector pill)

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3
Q

Subcutaneous layer

A

under dermis, layer of loose connective tissue connecting skin to the surface muscles, contains blood vessels and fat

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4
Q

Adipocytes

A

fat cells that make up most of the subcutaneous layer

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5
Q

Arrector pili

A

tiny muscle the attaches to the hair follicle

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6
Q

Hair

A

keratinized fibers that arise from hair follicles

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7
Q

Hair follicle

A

area from which hair grows, located in dermis

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8
Q

Keratin

A

protein found in epithelial cells that helps form hair, skin, and nails, promoting hardness

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9
Q

Keratinocytes

A

cells that make up the epidermal layer of skin and assist in waterproofing the body, produces keratin

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10
Q

Melanocytes

A

cells that give color to skin, eyes, hair

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11
Q

Nail

A

Translucent plate made up of keratin covering and protecting ends of fingers and toes

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12
Q

Sebaceous glands

A

secrete oil (sebum) into hair follicle and to epidermis

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13
Q

Sebum

A

oily secretion of sebaceous gland

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14
Q

Sudoriferous glands

A

secrete sweat to the outside of the body, assist in body temp regulation

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15
Q

Cry/o

A

cold

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16
Q

Cyan/o

A

blue

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17
Q

Derm/o

A

skin

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18
Q

Cutane/o

A

skin

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19
Q

Erythr/o

A

red

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20
Q

Hidr/o

A

sweat

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21
Q

Kerat/o

A

hard

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22
Q

Scler/o

A

hard

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23
Q

Melan/o

A

black, dark

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24
Q

Myc/o

A

fungus

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25
Q

Necr/o

A

death

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26
Q

Onych/o

A

nail

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27
Q

Pachy/o

A

thick

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28
Q

Py/o

A

pus

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29
Q

Rhytid/o

A

wrinkle

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30
Q

Seb/o

A

sebum

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31
Q

Trich/o

A

hair

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32
Q

Xanth/o

A

yellow

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33
Q

Xer/o

A

dry

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34
Q

Epi-

A

on, following

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35
Q

Para-

A

beside

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36
Q

Sub-

A

below, beneath

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37
Q

-derma

A

skin condition

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38
Q

-ectomy

A

excision, surgical removal

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39
Q

-genic

A

originating, producing

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40
Q

-malacia

A

softening

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41
Q

-phagia

A

to eat

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42
Q

-plasia

A

formation, growth

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43
Q

-tome

A

instrument used to cut

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44
Q

Atypical

A

unusual

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45
Q

Circumscribed

A

contained to a specific area

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46
Q

-osis

A

condition, state

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47
Q

Cyanosis

A

blue discoloration of the skin and other tissues

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48
Q

Diaphoresis

A

profuse sweating

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49
Q

Dia-

A

through, throughout, or completely

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50
Q

-phoresis

A

transmission

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51
Q

Dysplasia

A

abnormal growth of tissue

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52
Q

Dys-

A

abnormal , painful

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53
Q

-plasia

A

growth, formation

54
Q

Erythematous

A

condition of being red

55
Q

Eschar

A

blacked area of burned tissue

56
Q

Exfoliation

A

shedding of surface components

57
Q

Hyperplasia

A

increase in the number of cells in organ or tissue (are not cancer, but may become cancer)

58
Q

Indurated

A

thickening and hardening of soft tissues of the body, specifically the skin

59
Q

Integumentary

A

body’s outer layer

60
Q

Pallor

A

Paleness

61
Q

Inflammation

A

dolor, calor, tumor, rubor, functio laesa

62
Q

Pruritic

A

itchy

63
Q

Purulent

A

containing or producing pus

64
Q

Sebaceous

A

secreting sebum

65
Q

Sudoriferous

A

producing or conveying sweat (sweat glands)

66
Q

Turgor

A

elasticity (skin’s elasticity)

67
Q

Medical esthetician

A

licensed skin care specialists who work together with other medical professionals in medical settings doing laser and light-based procedures. Medical estheticians help patients with skin conditions, skin traumas and aging skin to heal and rejuvenate the appearance of the skin

68
Q

Bx

A

Biopsy

69
Q

C&S

A

culture and sensitivity (to find germs like bacteria or fungus that can cause an infection)

70
Q

ED&C

A

Electrodesiccation and curettage

71
Q

FS

A

Frozen section: biopsy procedure that allows a surgeon to remove a portion of tissue mass and est a rapid diagnosis of a suspicious mass during surgery (AKA “cryosection”)

72
Q

PPD

A

Purified Protein Derivative used to identify TB infection

73
Q

Abscess

A

enclosed collection of pus in tissues, organs, or confined spaces in the body

74
Q

Superficial burn

A

affecting only epidermis, like a sunburn

75
Q

Partial-thickness burn

A

affecting epidermis and dermis, blister forms

76
Q

Full-thickness burn

A

affecting subcutaneous layer (many colors)

77
Q

Carbuncle

A

cluster of boils — painful, pus-filled bumps — that form a connected area of infection under the skin

78
Q

Cellulitis

A

common bacterial skin infection that causes redness, swelling, and pain in the infected area of the skin

79
Q

Cauterization

A

To destroy tissue using a hot or cold instrument, an electrical current, or a chemical that burns or dissolves the tissue (kill tumors or seal off blood vessels)

80
Q

Cryosurgery

A

procedure in which an extremely cold liquid or an instrument called a cryoprobe is used to freeze and destroy abnormal tissue

81
Q

Debridement

A

doctor removes dead tissue from a wound (dead tissue gives bacteria a place to grow which can cause infection)

82
Q

Dermatoautoplasty

A

grafting of skin from one part of the body to another

83
Q

Dermatoheteroplatsy

A

grafting of skin obtained from a member of a different species

84
Q

Scabicide

A

Products used to treat scabies bc they kill scabies mites

85
Q

Pediculicide

A

an agent that destroys lice

86
Q

Intralesional injection

A

direct delivery of medication percutaneously into skin lesions

87
Q

Antipruritic

A

anti-itching

88
Q

Dermatome

A

areas of skin on your body that rely on specific nerve connections on your spine

89
Q

Excision

A

The removal of tissue from the body using a scalpel (a sharp knife), laser, or other cutting tool

90
Q

Incision

A

A cut made in the body to perform surgery

91
Q

I&D

A

incision and drainage

92
Q

Irrigation

A

washing out an organ (such as the stomach or colon), a body cavity, or a wound by flushing it with a fluid

93
Q

Rhytidectomy

A

excision of skin for the removal of wrinkles, “face lift” (removal of wrinkles)

94
Q

Rhytidoplasty

A

“plastic surgery for the elimination of wrinkles from the skin” (basically same as rhytidectomy)

95
Q

Cicatrix

A

scar resulting from formation and contraction of fibrous tissue in a wound

96
Q

Comedo

A

small, flesh-colored, white, or dark bumps (caused by acne) that give skin a rough texture

97
Q

Contusion

A

(bruise) direct blow to the body that can cause damage to the surface of the skin and to deeper tissues as well depending on the severity of the blow

98
Q

Cyst

A

closed, sac-like pocket of tissue that can form anywhere in the body, may be filled with fluid, air, pus, or other material. Most cysts are benign (not cancer)
- Some of the cells in the top layer of skin produce keratin, a protein that gives skin its strength and flexibility. Normally, these cells move up to the surface of the skin as they start to die so they can be shed. But the cells sometimes move deeper into the skin and multiply, forming a sac

99
Q

Decubitus ulcer

A

Damage to an area of the skin caused by constant pressure on the area for a long time (pressure leads to lessen blood flow and tissue death)

100
Q

Eczema

A

skin becomes inflamed, forms blisters, and becomes crusty, thick, and scaly

101
Q

Excoriation

A

conscious repetitive picking of skin that leads to skin lesions and significant distress or functional impairment

102
Q

Furuncle

A

boils: painful, pus-filled bump that forms under your skin when bacteria infect and inflame one or more of your hair follicles

103
Q

Gangrene

A

loss of blood supply causes body tissue to die

104
Q

Herpes simplex

A

A type of virus that causes herpes infections and has DNA as its genetic material

105
Q

Herpes zoster

A

Shingles: painful, blistering skin rash, caused by the varicella-zoster virus, a member of the herpes family of viruses

106
Q

Impetigo

A

superficial bacterial skin infection that is highly contagious, caused by Streptococcus pyogenes and/or Staphylococcus aureus (that crusty yellow around mouth)

107
Q

Fissure

A

crack-like sore/slit that extends through epidermis intp dermis (AKA athlete’s foot)

108
Q

Keloid

A

growth of extra scar tissue

109
Q

Lesion

A

any area of your skin that’s abnormal from the skin around it

110
Q

Macule

A

discoloration of the skin (freckle)

111
Q

Nevus

A

A benign (not cancer) growth on the skin that is formed by a cluster of melanocytes (usually dark and may be raised from the skin)

112
Q

Nodule

A

a larger papule

113
Q

Papule

A

solid, circumscribed, elevated area on skin (pimple)

114
Q

Paronychia

A

Nail Infection: An infection of the soft tissue around a fingernail or toenail that begins suddenly and can get worse quickly

115
Q

Pediculosis

A

infestation of the hairy parts of the body or clothing with the eggs, larvae or adults of lice

116
Q

Psoriasis

A

chronic disease of the skin marked by red patches covered with white scales

117
Q

Pustule

A

small, inflamed, pus-filled, blister-like sores

118
Q

Rosacea

A

common skin condition that causes blushing or flushing and visible blood vessels in your face

119
Q

Scabies

A

infestation of the skin by the human itch mite

120
Q

Tinea

A

common infection of the skin and nails that is caused by fungus (AKA ringworm bc causes itchy, red, circular rash)

121
Q

Tinea capitis

A

“ringworm of the scalp” causes itchy, scaly, bald patches on head)

122
Q

Tinea pedis

A

“athlete’s foot”: an infection of the skin and feet that can be caused by a variety of different fungi

123
Q

Urticaria

A

Itchy, raised red areas on the skin (AKA hives)

124
Q

Varicella

A

disease caused by the varicella zoster virus (skin rash of blister that cover body but concentrated on face, scalp, trunk)

125
Q

Verruca

A

small, rough, raised or flattened lumps that occur over the pressure areas of the feet (AKA plantar warts)

126
Q

Vesicle

A

A small sac formed by a membrane and filled with liquid on the epidermis (AKA blister)

127
Q

Vitiligo

A

chronic (long-lasting) autoimmune disorder that causes patches of skin to lose pigment or color (melanocytes are attacked and destroyed causing skin to turn milky-white)

128
Q

Wheal

A

localized elevation of skin sometimes with itching

129
Q

Xanthoderma

A

yellow to orange discoloration of skin

130
Q

pediculus

A

lice

131
Q

-cide

A

killer

2023 HOSA Medical Term (20 decks)

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