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607 Bacteriology > Listeria and Erysipelothrix > Flashcards

Listeria and Erysipelothrix Flashcards

1
Q

How many Listeria species are there?

A

10

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2
Q

Listeria monocytogenes

A

most predominant pathogenic Listeria spp. in humans and animals

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3
Q

Listeria ivanovii

A

emerging pathogen

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4
Q

What is unique about L. monocytogenes?

A

it can grow at refrigerated temperatures (4C)

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5
Q

cold-enrichment technique

A

can put samples in fridge to cause proliferation of Listeria and easier identification because other bacteria can’t grow

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6
Q

Does listeria form spores?

A

no

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7
Q

CAMP and CAMP-like Tests

A

Streaking a vertical line of
B-hemolytic S. aureus and
a horizontal line of B-hemolytic L. monocytogenes
results in a zone of
increased hemolysis
shaped like an arrowhead

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8
Q

CAMP test was originally developed for what?

A

Step. agalactiae (mastitis)

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9
Q

4 Types of Listeriosis in Animals

A
  1. Intestinal
  2. Visceral/septicemic
  3. Abortive
  4. Neural
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10
Q

Circling disease (neural)

A

most common and fatal form of listeriosis associated with feeding silage

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11
Q

When will you see circling disease in sheep?

A

winter/early spring when they lose/cut teeth

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12
Q

Does neural listeriosis prefer the CNS or PNS?

A

CNS - causes meningoencephalitis in cattle and sheep

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13
Q

Clinical Signs of Neural Listeriosis

A

depression, dec. appetite, dec. milk production, fever, circling, seizures, paralysis with difficulty swallowing, death d/t dehydration and starvation

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14
Q

meningoencephalitis

A

microabscesses in the brain stem of cattle and sheep

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15
Q

Abortive Listeriosis

A

predilection for the placenta; causes placentitis and fetal septicemia in sheep and cattle

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16
Q

5 Stages of Listeria Infection

A
  1. Internalization
  2. Escape from phagolysosome
  3. Nucleation of actin filaments
  4. Cell-to-cell spread
  5. Membrane vacuole
17
Q

Iron and Listeriosis

A

L. monocytogenes secretes siderophores to chelate iron and acts as a virulence factor

high iron can increase susceptibility to disease

18
Q

Main species affected by erysipelothrix?

A

swine (but also turkeys)

19
Q

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

A

gram positive, non sporulating rods

20
Q

How to tell Listeria and Erysipelothrix apart?

A

Listeria = catalase positive and motile
Erysipelothrix = catalase negative and non-motile

21
Q

Smooth vs. Rough Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

A

smooth = what it sounds like, homogenous cell population
rough = mutant capsules with irregular borders, common with chronic infections

22
Q

Diamond Skin Disease

A

caused by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae and can be contracted via ingestion of feces/soil or skin scratches/punctures

aka porcine erysipelas

23
Q

Is Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae stable?

A

yes, it is very hardy; can be maintained in asymptomatic carriers as well

24
Q

Three forms of Porcine Erysipelas

A
  1. Acute
  2. Subacute
  3. Chronic
25
Q

Acute Porcine Erysipelas

A

pigs die suddenly with no symptoms

26
Q

Subacute Porcine Erysipelas

A

most frequent, pigs are febrile, won’t eat, and are reluctant to move, and get skin discoloration and lesions which may slough off over time

27
Q

Chronic Porcine Erysipelas

A

swollen joints and lameness due to arthritis

28
Q

Mechanism of Disease of Porcine Erysipelas

A

septic emboli (acute/subacute)
pus-containing bacteria circulates in the blood and will clot and occlude vessels, eventually leading to tissue death and necrosis

29
Q

Sequelae of Porcine Erysipelas in the Acute Forms

A

endocarditis

30
Q

Sequelae of Porcine Erysipelas in the Chronic Form

A

non-suppurative arthritis

31
Q

2 Proposed Virulence Factors of Erysipelas

A
  1. Hyaluronidase
  2. Sialidase
32
Q

Hyaluronidase

A

breaks down hyaluronic acid which cushions tissues and joints

33
Q

How do humans get infected with E. rhusiopathiae?

A

zoonotic, via direct skin penetration

607 Bacteriology (24 decks)

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