Lipids Flashcards

1
Q

What are lipids?

A

Lipids are a diverse group of hydrophobic organic molecules that include fats, oils, and steroids.

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2
Q

What is the primary function of lipids in the body?

A

The primary function of lipids is to store energy, provide insulation, and form cell membranes.

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3
Q

What are the main types of lipoproteins?

A

The main types of lipoproteins are Low-Density Lipoproteins (LDL), High-Density Lipoproteins (HDL), and Very Low-Density Lipoproteins (VLDL).

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4
Q

True or False: LDL is known as ‘good cholesterol’.

A

False: LDL is known as ‘bad cholesterol’.

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5
Q

What is the primary role of HDL in the body?

A

The primary role of HDL is to transport cholesterol from the body’s tissues back to the liver for excretion or re-utilization.

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6
Q

Fill in the blank: VLDL primarily carries ________ to tissues.

A

triglycerides

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7
Q

What is the relationship between LDL levels and heart disease risk?

A

Higher levels of LDL are associated with an increased risk of heart disease.

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8
Q

Multiple choice: Which lipoprotein is often referred to as ‘bad cholesterol’? A) HDL B) LDL C) VLDL

A

B) LDL

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9
Q

What is the key difference between HDL and LDL?

A

HDL carries cholesterol away from arteries to the liver, while LDL carries cholesterol to the arteries.

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10
Q

True or False: VLDL is primarily composed of protein.

A

False: VLDL is primarily composed of triglycerides.

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11
Q

What does a high level of HDL indicate?

A

A high level of HDL indicates a lower risk of heart disease.

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12
Q

Fill in the blank: The main component of lipoproteins is ________.

A

lipids

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13
Q

What is the function of apolipoproteins in lipoproteins?

A

Apolipoproteins serve as structural components and help in the transport and metabolism of lipoproteins.

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14
Q

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a risk factor for high LDL levels? A) Regular exercise B) High saturated fat diet C) Low sugar intake

A

B) High saturated fat diet

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15
Q

What is the role of lipoprotein lipase?

A

Lipoprotein lipase breaks down triglycerides in lipoproteins into free fatty acids for tissue uptake.

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16
Q

True or False: All lipids are soluble in water.

A

False: Lipids are generally insoluble in water.

17
Q

What is the typical range for total cholesterol levels in adults?

A

The typical range for total cholesterol levels in adults is less than 200 mg/dL.

18
Q

Fill in the blank: ________ are the building blocks of triglycerides.

A

Fatty acids

19
Q

What is a common method for measuring lipid levels in the blood?

A

A common method for measuring lipid levels is a lipid panel or lipid profile blood test.

20
Q

Multiple choice: Which lipoprotein is primarily responsible for transporting cholesterol to tissues? A) HDL B) LDL C) Chylomicrons

A

B) LDL

21
Q

What lifestyle changes can help lower LDL cholesterol levels?

A

Lifestyle changes include a healthy diet, regular exercise, and avoiding tobacco smoke.

22
Q

True or False: High levels of triglycerides can also increase the risk of heart disease.

A

True

23
Q

Fill in the blank: The liver produces ________ to help transport cholesterol.

A

VLDL

24
Q

What is the significance of the ratio of LDL to HDL?

A

A lower ratio of LDL to HDL is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease.

25
Q

What dietary factors can increase HDL levels?

A

Healthy fats, such as those found in olive oil, avocados, and fatty fish, can help increase HDL levels.