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Clinical Chemistry > Electrolytes > Flashcards

Electrolytes Flashcards

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1
Q

What are electrolytes?

A

Electrolytes are minerals in the body that carry an electric charge.

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2
Q

Which of the following is NOT an electrolyte: Sodium, Potassium, Glucose?

A

Glucose

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3
Q

True or False: Electrolytes are essential for muscle function.

A

True

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The primary electrolyte found in extracellular fluid is ______.

A

Sodium

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5
Q

What role do electrolytes play in hydration?

A

Electrolytes help maintain fluid balance in the body.

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6
Q

Which electrolyte is most abundant in intracellular fluid?

A

Potassium

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7
Q

What is the normal range for serum sodium levels in mEq/L?

A

135-145 mEq/L

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8
Q

True or False: Calcium is an important electrolyte for blood clotting.

A

True

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9
Q

What is the function of chloride in the body?

A

Chloride helps maintain fluid balance and is a component of stomach acid.

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10
Q

Which electrolyte is primarily responsible for nerve impulse transmission?

A

Sodium

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11
Q

What condition is characterized by low potassium levels?

A

Hypokalemia

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12
Q

What is the main source of electrolytes in the diet?

A

Fruits and vegetables

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13
Q

True or False: Electrolyte imbalances can lead to muscle cramps.

A

True

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14
Q

Fill in the blank: The electrolyte that plays a key role in maintaining acid-base balance is ______.

A

Bicarbonate

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15
Q

What is hypernatremia?

A

A condition characterized by high sodium levels in the blood.

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16
Q

Which electrolyte is crucial for maintaining bone health?

A

Calcium

17
Q

What are the symptoms of hyponatremia?

A

Symptoms include headache, confusion, seizures, and coma.

18
Q

True or False: Magnesium is considered a trace electrolyte.

A

False

19
Q

What is the role of potassium in the body?

A

Potassium helps regulate heartbeat and muscle function.

20
Q

Fill in the blank: The primary electrolyte lost through sweat is ______.

A

Sodium

21
Q

Which electrolyte is commonly measured during a metabolic panel?

A

Sodium

22
Q

What is the normal range for serum potassium levels in mEq/L?

A

3.5-5.0 mEq/L

23
Q

What is the term for high calcium levels in the blood?

A

Hypercalcemia

24
Q

True or False: Electrolytes can be found in both food and beverages.

A

True

25
Q

Which electrolyte helps to regulate blood pressure?

A

Sodium

26
Q

What is the primary function of bicarbonate as an electrolyte?

A

To maintain acid-base balance in the body.

27
Q

Fill in the blank: Electrolyte imbalances can be caused by ______, dehydration, or medications.

A

Illness

28
Q

What is the main function of phosphorus in the body?

A

Phosphorus is important for energy production and bone health.

29
Q

True or False: Sodium and potassium have opposite effects on blood pressure.

A

True

30
Q

What is the term for low magnesium levels in the blood?

A

Hypomagnesemia

31
Q

Which electrolyte is most important for cardiac function?

A

Potassium

32
Q

Fill in the blank: The main route of potassium excretion is through the ______.

A

Kidneys

33
Q

What are the potential consequences of severe electrolyte imbalances?

A

Severe imbalances can lead to arrhythmias, seizures, or even death.

34
Q

Which electrolyte is often supplemented in sports drinks?

A

Sodium

35
Q

What is the role of electrolytes in the human body?

A

They help regulate various physiological functions including hydration, nerve impulses, and muscle contractions.

Clinical Chemistry (11 decks)

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