Life on Earth Flashcards
Three main branches of the Phylogenetic Tree of Life
Bacteria, Archaea, Eucaryota
Taxonomy
The branch of biology that is concerned with naming and classifying organisms
The two-part scientific name of an organism is formed from the ____ and _____
genus and species
Binomial Nomenclature
The two-part scientific naming system was developed by Carolus Linnaeus in the 1700s
Classification System
Linnaeus also developed a method for classifying species in a nesting hierarchy based on their resemblance to other species
What were the two kingdoms divided into from the Linnaean system
Plantae and Animalia
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Dumb
King
Phillip
Came
Over
For
Gooseberry
Soup
Systematics
The modern science of classification that emphasizes patterns of evolutionary descent and relatedness (phylogeny)
What plays a key role in systematics?
Anatomy
Cladistics
an approach to systematics that uses synapomorphies which are similar traits in separate taxonomic groups
cladogram
shows how animals are related based on shared derived characteristics
In 1969, the five kingdom scheme was proposed by
R. H. Whitaker
In the early 1980s, microbiologist _______ introduced the three-domain scheme
Carl Woess
What did Carl Woess find
He found that the original Kingdom Monera contained two very different evolutionary groups – Bacteria and Archaea
What is the protists group
a generic grouping for any single-celled eukaryote and presents a classification challenge
