Leukemia + Lymphoma

Question 1

Which leukemia affect kids?

Answer 1

ALL

rapidly fatal if not treated

two types:
T-blast = TdT+ (thymic mass)
B-blast (both)- TdT+& CD10+

Question 2

Which leuokemia common in midlife? (2 types)

Answer 2

AML
CML

Question 3

AML:
1. Which chromosomes translocation
2. What we will see on blood smear? (finding inside the cells)
3. Medication?

Answer 3

1. translocation 15 >17 (A= 1st letter, M- five dots, L- 7 upside down)
2. Auer rods- DIC if gets into bloodstream
3. Tx: ATRA (Vit A derivative)

Also: A- aure rods
M- myloperoxidase +
L- aLL trans retinoic acid

Question 4

CML:
1. Which chromosomes translocation
2. which protein is produce?
3. Medication?

Answer 4

1. translocation 9 >22 (C for Crea, cheese =Philadelphia Chromosome)
2. BCR-ABL
3. Tx: Imatinib (Tyrosine kinase inhibitor)

Question 5

CLL:
1. age group
2. Histology

Answer 5

1. > 60 yrs
2. Smudge cells

Immunodeficieny&raquo_space; B cells dont make functional Ab

Question 6

Hairy cell leukemia
1. histology?
2. Marker

Answer 6

1. lymphocyte with fine white projections
2. TRAP-positive

Question 7

What are the 3 types of lymphoma

Answer 7

1. Hodgkin’s
2. Burkkit
3. Follicular

Question 8

Hodjkin lymphoma:
CBC- normal / abnormal
Which age distribuitons?
Histology?
and what are the different types

Answer 8

1. CBC normal
2. Late teens-20, 50-60
3. Reed-sternberg cells
4. two types:
   Mixed cellularity- High eosinophils + pruritus
   Markers- CD15, CD30

Question 9

Which pathogen is associated with Mixed cellularity Hodjkin lymphoma

Answer 9

EBV

Question 10

Burkitts lymphoma
1. choromosmal translocation
2. Histology
3. Mutation
4. Presentation

Answer 10

1. t(8,14) - B looks like 8 and then always 1» two t = 2X2= 4
2. hostology: Starry night- kits= stiks= stars
3. C-myc amplification&raquo_space; prolifarion of lymp.
4. presenation- Jaw mass african child, Abdominal mass otherwisw

Question 11

Follicular lymphoma
Chromosomal translocation

Answer 11

t(14,18)
Remember burkitts = 8,14&raquo_space; now add 1 to 8 and switch between them

Question 12

CRAB symtomps of MM

Answer 12

C- hypercalcemia
R-renal insufficency
A- anemia
B- bone pain

Question 13

What is a findging in blood smear of MM

Answer 13

Rouleaux

Question 14

Polycetmia vera
Presenation, EPO high or low
mutation
Tx?

Answer 14

1. pruritus facial plethroa (red)
2. high Hb, Hc.
3. low EPO
4. treatment- phelbotomy (הקזות דם)

Question 15

Essential thrombocytopenia
1. whats the risk?
2. mutation
3. pathophys?

Answer 15

1. risk for Thrombosis and bleeding
2. JAK2
3. lots of dysfunctional PLT

high PLT

Question 16

Primary Myelofibrosis
1. pathyphysiology?
2. histology?

Answer 16

1. fibroblast obliterate the bone merrow
2. Dacrocytes (tear drop) on peripheral blood smear

Tear drops- granulomatous inflammation, or hematopoietic or metastatic neoplasms. They can also be seen in patients with splenic abnormalities, vitamin B12 deficiency, and some other forms of anemia

Question 17

what is pelger huet anomaly?

in which myelo syndrome we will see?

Answer 17

היפוסגמנטציה של נוירופילים

myelodysplastic syndrome