Leukemia Flashcards
1
Q
which can manifest clinically over weeks to months
A
- AML - ALL
2
Q
median age of diagnosis for CLL
A
- 72
3
Q
acute DIC and coagulopathy most commonly seen in
A
- APL
4
Q
ALL most commonly of which cell line
A
- B cell
5
Q
CD 19 and early 20s are which cell?
A
- B cell
6
Q
clinical manifestation of ALL
A
- tumor lysis syndrome - lymph node involvement - mediastinal mass - CNS involvement - testicular involvement in males
7
Q
stage 4 of Rai classification
A
- lymphocytosis - thrombocytopenia
8
Q
treatment related AML mostly due to
A
- radiation therapy - chemo
9
Q
morphology of the cells in CML
A
- heterogenous
10
Q
prognosis of high white blood count in ALL (good/bad)
A
- bad
11
Q
risk factors for ALL
A
- prior radiation - prior chemo - familial syndromes
12
Q
what kind of disorder is CML classified as
A
- myeloproliferative
13
Q
median survival of stage 2
A
- 6 years
14
Q
lab findings for CLL
A
- leukocytosis - lymphocytosis - hypogammaglobulinemia - smudge cells
15
Q
leukemias have what kind of involvement
A
- significant peripheral blood and bone marrow involvement
16
Q
CD 13 is which cell?
A
- granulocyte
17
Q
treatment of APL
A
- all-trans retinoic acid (ALTRA) - induction chemo
18
Q
which chromosome is the Philadelphia chromosome?
A
- t(9;22) - 22 BCR/ABL is Ph
19
Q
prognosis of (4;11) in what condition?
What is the prognosis?
A
- ALL
- poor
20
Q
morphology of cells in ALL
A
- homogenous lymphoblasts
21
Q
which cell line of ALL has the worst prognosis
A
- T cell
22
Q
what test do you do after CML is identified?
A
- quantitative PCR for the bcr/abl transcript
23
Q
importance of malignant cells in chronic phase of CML
A
- maintain ability to differentiate
24
Q
stage 0 of Rai classification
A
- lymphocytosis only
25
bone marrow aspirate for ALL
- large cells - open chromatin - prominent nucleoli
26
prognosis of t(12;21) in ALL (good/bad)
- good
JUST THINK THAT 12;21 IS HAPPY NUMBER BECAUSE IT GOES THE SAME WAY FORWARDS AS BACKWARDS
27
prognosis of hyperdiploidy in ALL (good/bad)
- good
28
Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor of choice
- imatinib
29
blast crisis can lead to
- AML - ALL
30
which is the most common adult leukemia
- CLL
31
prognosis of \>10 years of age in ALL (good/bad)
- bad
32
forward scatter in flow cytometry separates based on
- size
33
bone marrow aspirate of CLL
- variable involvement - loss of heterogeneity
34
t(15;17) in cytogenetics with AML (good/bad)
- good
35
typical pattern on flow cytometry for CLL
- mature B cell phenotype with CD5 and CD23 - light chain restricted
36
AML is a malignancy of
- committed myeloid progenitor cell
37
treatment of CLL
- not a curable diseases - treat only if symptoms present
38
prognosis of hypodiploidy in ALL (good/bad)
- bad
39
common lab finding of CML
- leukocytosis - neutrophilia - basophilia - eosinophilia
40
pathogenesis of CML
- Philadelphia chromosome
41
stage 2 of Rai classification
- lymphocytosis - splenomegaly
42
what is the most frequent molecular abnormality in AML
- FLT3
43
being older and being diagnosed with AML (good/bad)
- bad
44
what genetic abnormality is most seen in APL
- t(15;17) PML/RARa
45
which are composed of lymphoid origin
- ALL - CLL
46
CD 33 is which cell?
- myeloid
47
t(9;22) in ALL
- bad but does not independently drive disease
48
treatment related AML (good/bad)
- bad
49
clonality of AML
- clonal expansion of myeloid blasts
50
which are composed of myeloid origin
- AML - CML
51
CLL is an incidental lab finding in what percentage of cases
- 20%
52
petechiae are present in
- AML - ALL
53
CD 1-8 is which cell?
- T cell
54
result of the Philadelphia chromosome
- fusion protein with constitutive tyrosine kinase activity
55
what is the acute presentation of ALL in teens?
- mediastinal or soft tissue mass
56
therapeutic options for CML
- Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitors - allogenic stem cell transplantation
57
morphology of the cells in CLL
- homogenous mature lymphocytes - smudge cells on smear
58
stage 1 of Rai classification
- lymphocytosis - lymphadenopathy
59
morphology of cells in AML
- homogenous myeloblasts - Auer rod
60
CML tends to choose which pathway
- myeloid
61
side scatter in flow cytometry separates based on
- complexity
62
CD 15 is which cell?
- granulocytic
63
ALTRA moa
- differentiating agent
64
markers for ALL
- CD19 - CD10 - TdT - no surface light chain
65
- which can manifest clinically over months to years
- CLL - CML
66
is AML curable
- yes
67
deletions of chromosomes 5 and 7 in AML (good/bad)
- bad
68
mediastinal or soft tissue mass presents in which cell line
- T cell
69
which is the most common cancer in children
- ALL
70
prognosis of \<1 year of age in ALL (good/bad)
- bad
71
in ALL malignant cells lose
- ability to differentiate
72
ALL is a malignancy of
- committed lymphoid progenitor cell - pre-T or pre-B
73
low CD numbers are which cell?
- T cell
74
prognosis of t(9;22) in ALL (good/bad)
- bad
75
what is the median age of diagnosis of ALL
- 11
76
CLL stands for
- chronic lymphocytic leukemia
77
what percent of CML patients are asymptomatic
- 20-40%
78
bone marrow biopsy of AML
- monotonous population of mononuclear cells
79
in AML, malignant cells lose
- the ability to differentiate
80
prognosis of abnormal(11q23) in ALL
- bad
81
CML stands for
- chronic myelogenous leukemia
82
median survival of stage 1
- 8 years
83
stage 3 of Rai classification
- lymphocytosis - anemia
84
leukemias are diagnosed according to
- prominent cell type involved - stage of maturation
85
CD 34 is which cell?
- stem cell
- blast cell
86
median survival of stage 3
- 3 years
87
peripheral blood in CML
- numerous immature granulocytes - increased basophils
88
CLL is a malignancy of
- mature B cells
89
definition of leukemias
- neoplasms of hematopoietic cells
90
what is an Aeur rod
- pink needle in the cell
91
best screening test for CML
- fish
92
AML arising from history of MDS or myeloproliferative disorder (good/bad)
- bad
93
what condition is also common in CLL
- autoimmune hemolytic anemia
94
immunophenotyping
- identifying phenotype using fluorescently labelled antibodies
95
treatment for AML
- 7 days cytarabine - 3 days daunorubicin, idarubicin
96
bone marrow aspirate in CML
- hypercellular - increased M:E
97
median survival of stage 0
- \> 15 years
98
familial syndromes seen in what condition?
what are these syndromes?
- ALL
- down syndrome - neurofibromatosis - bloom syndrome - ataxia telangiectasia
99
median survival of stage 4
- 2 years
100
% of bone marrow blasts in AML
- \>20%
101
CD 14 is which cell?
- monocytic
