Clinical Malignant Hematology Flashcards
what happens in leukostasis
- WBCs plug the microvasculature
- decreased tissue perfusion
what condition is leukostasis seen in
- acute leukemias
treatment of leukostasis
- IV fluids
- decrease tumor burden
- lower uric acid levels
how do we decrease tumor burden
- hydroxyurea
- leukapheresis
how do we lower uric acid levels?
- allopurinol
- rasburicase
what is tumor lysis syndrome
- mass tumor cell lysis resulting in extracellular and intracellular electrolytes + DNA
tumor lysis syndrome is most common with what conditions
- Burkett’s lymphoma
- T-ALL
what is hypercalcemia of malignancy
- bones
- abdominal groans
- psychiatric overtones
what condition do we normally see DIC in
- APL
microbiology associated with neutropenic fever
- more common gram positive
- pseudomonas gram negative
hyper viscosity syndrome is a rare complication of what condition?
- waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia
what happens in hyper viscosity syndrome?
- increases in globulins raises serum viscosity
treatment of hyper viscosity syndrome
- phasmapheresis
- chemotherapy
spinal cord compression and cauda equina syndrome due to
- myeloma
- NHL
- solid tumors
treatment of cauda equina
- glucocorticoids
- radiation
superior vena cava syndrome
- any condition that obstructs blood flow through the SVC
what cancer is most common for SVCS
- lung cancer
- NHL
symptoms of SVCS
- chest pain
- swelling
- respiratory
- venous distention
how to treat SVCS
- radiation
- chemo
- corticosteroids
symptoms of spinal cord compression
- limb weakness
- diminished sensation below cord lesion
- bowel/bladder of dysfunction
symptoms of amyloidosis
- big tongue
- periorbital hemorrhage
- carpel hill
- foamy urine
CD138 stains for what?
- plasma cells
