Let there be light Flashcards
1
Q
Natural gas fed the celebrated
“perpetual fires” at Delphi in Greece,
Baku on the ? ? and other
sites in the ancient world.
A
Caspian Sea
2
Q
In the third century AD, the Chinese transported natural gas in ?? to light their temples. They also used natural gas heat to extract ? from water.
A
bamboo pipes
salt
3
Q
Discoveries of crude oil and natural gas became more common in the ? and ? as people dug deeper ? in search of water. “??” or petroleum (from the Latin roots petra for , and oleum for ?) was once a popular patent ? in Canada and the United States.
A
18th and 19th centuries
wells
Rock oil
rock
oil
medicine
4
Q
Although natural gas was used in some areas, it was mostly ?? that provided the “gas lights” in European and North American cities in the 19th century. Coal was heated in a closed vessel to produce a ?? of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methane
A
coal gas
flammable mixture
5
Q
Coal gas first lit the
streets of London, England, in ?
Montreal in ?, and Toronto in 1841.
A
1807,
1836
6
Q
In North America, people tapped safer, cleaner-burning natural gas for the same purpose as early as ? when it was piped through ?? to Fredonia, New York – “the best lit city in the world.”
A
1821
hollow logs
7
Q
However, natural gas was not widely used elsewhere until the end of the ? century when better drilling ? and cast iron ? were developed.
A
19th
techniques
pipes
8
Q
The demand for improved ?
also led directly to the first widespread
use of crude oil.
A
lighting
9
Q
The need was urgent. By the 1850s, the best available lamp oil, obtained from ??, was selling for $2.50 U.S. per gallon, or 66 cents per litre – a lot of money in those days, equivalent to about $? U.S. per gallon in 2003
A
whale blubber
55
10
Q
Growing
demand for this oil decimated ?
populations, putting some species at
risk of extinction.
A
whale
