2. Quiz Prep Flashcards
What is fracturing? What is frack fluid?
- drill down roughly 2km and then make a 90-degree turn is made for roughly the same length.
- frac fluid is injected at high pressure into the well to create small fractures within tight shale formations and hold the cracks open with the small sand particles in the fluid. Oil or NG flows into the well and is pumped to the surface.
- ff= 90% water; 9.5% sand; 0.5% chemicals to help dissolve rock and thicken fluid The sand is called proppant because it keeps the cracks propped open. Ceramic beads and other items are sometimes used instead of sand.
What are considered to be some of the benefits of fracturing?
- It can recover both crude oil and natural gas from shale deposits in unprecedented amounts,
- Less number of wells and access roads
- reduced air pollution, and fewer carbon emissions.
- Lowers energy prices
According to d-083 (2013) if above or within 100m of BGWP what is required? Any exceptions?
A risk assessment must be prepared except when using nitrogen as the fracturing fluid for coalbed methane completions.
If a modelled vertical fracture distance X 2 is within or extends above BGWP, what applies?
Licensees must not use hydraulic fracturing fluids that may cause adverse effect on nonsaline aquifers.
D-083 states “licensees fracturing operations MUST NOT cause surface impacts – and MUST NOT fracture within _______m (what vertical m distance) from the top of bedrock surface?
100 M
Does D-083 apply to thermal wells?
NO
no
If using a barrier system other than dual or single barrier system – what must licensee do?
Licensees must obtain ERCB (AER) approval.
What are the requirements to reduce wellbore communication?
6
- Must have documented hydraulic fracturing program
- Determine fracture planning zone (FPZ) and i.d. risks
- Must have well control plan for each at-risk offset well
- Detection methods, max. pressure adjustments, control plan
- Licensees must notify licensees of at-risk offset wells of plans
- Engage and develop cooperative plan
If well integrity fails, what must licensee do?
Licensees must immediately notify the AER
true or False
In D-059, the record of daily operations of a licensee must contain complete data on all operations carried on the well, including fracturing.
true
The three fracture components wheN it comes to fracture fluid:
- Carrier fluid:
- Proppant:
- Additive:
- Main fracture fluid
- Used to keep fracture open
- used to facilitate fracturing
What are the three components when it comes to fracture fluid?
- Carrier fluid: main fracture fluid component
- proppant: used to keep fractures open
- Additive: used to facilitate fracturing
What are the three main components?
- main fracture fluid component
- used to keep fractures open
- used to facilitate fracturing
- Carrier fluid
- proppant
- Additive
Licensees must report the dates casing or liner were set in chronological order (whether cemented or uncemented)
- What is the casing code for Surface casing?
- what is the casing code for production casing?
Yes
s.3 sub 7
- Table 2 -. code 2
- table 2 - code 4
For every fracture record, the AER requires that licenses submit fracture Fluid Composition Data what 4 pieces of information does that include?
- Fracture Scenario
- Service Provider
- Fracture Components
- Component Ingredients
Under Component Ingredients, the licensee must submit whether the ingredient is a TRADE SECRET or NONTRADE SECRET
Trade secrets can be hazardous and non hazardous…what/who determines this? GIV’T OF CANADA WHMIS
Government of Canada’s Workplace Hazardous Material Information System (WHMIS)
After declaring the Fracture components the licensee is also expected to detail the Fracture Fluid Water __________________ Data.
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