Lesson 9 - Blood System Flashcards
anemia
Deficiency in erythrocytes and hemoglobin
antibody
Protein produced by lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses, or other antigens. An antibody is specific to an antigen and inactivates it.
antiglobulin test
(-globulin = protein) Test for the presence of antibodies that coat and damage erythrocytes.
bilirubin
Orange-yellow pigment in bile. It is formed by the breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells die.
bone marrow biopsy
Separation of blood into component parts and removal of a select part from the blood.
coagulation
Blood clotting.
complete blood count (CBC)
Determination of the number of red and white blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin, hematocrit and red cell indices - MCH, MCV, MCHC
complete blood count with differential (CBC w/ diff.)
A CBC test (determination of the number of red and white blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red cell indices - (MCH, MCV, MCHC) PLUS a white blood cell differential test which determines the percentage of the total WBC made up by different types of leukocytes.
erythrocyte
Red blood cell (there are about 5 million per microliter or cubic millimeter of blood.)
hematocrit (Hct)
Percentage of erythrocytes in a volume of blood.
hemolysis
Destruction or breakdown of blood.
hemoglobin
Blood protein containing iron; carries oxygen in red blood cells.
hemophilia
Excessive bleeding caused by hereditary lack of one of the protein substances necessary for blood clotting.
leukemia
An increase in cancerous white blood cells.
leukocyte
White blood cell.
mononucleosis
An infectious disease marked by increased numbers of leukocytes and enlarged cervical lymph nodes.
multiple myeloma
Malignant neoplasm (tumor) of bone marrow
partial thromboplastin time (PTT)
Measures the presence of plasma factors that act in a portion of the coagulation pathway.
plasma
Liquid portion of blood; contains water, protein, salts, nutrients, hormones, and vitamins
platelet (thrombocyte)
Smallest blood cell; clumps at sites of injury to prevent bleeding and facilitate clotting.
prothrombin time (PT)
Plasma protein; converted to thrombin in the clotting process
purpura
Multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin.
red blood cell count (RBC)
Number of erythrocytes per cubic millimeter or microliter.
white blood cell count (WBC)
Number of leukocytes per cubic millimeter or microliter.
