Lesson 9 - Blood System

Question 1

anemia

Answer 1

Deficiency in erythrocytes and hemoglobin

Question 2

antibody

Answer 2

Protein produced by lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses, or other antigens. An antibody is specific to an antigen and inactivates it.

Question 3

antiglobulin test

Answer 3

(-globulin = protein) Test for the presence of antibodies that coat and damage erythrocytes.

Question 4

bilirubin

Answer 4

Orange-yellow pigment in bile. It is formed by the breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells die.

Question 5

bone marrow biopsy

Answer 5

Separation of blood into component parts and removal of a select part from the blood.

Question 6

coagulation

Answer 6

Blood clotting.

Question 7

complete blood count (CBC)

Answer 7

Determination of the number of red and white blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin, hematocrit and red cell indices - MCH, MCV, MCHC

Question 8

complete blood count with differential (CBC w/ diff.)

Answer 8

A CBC test (determination of the number of red and white blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red cell indices - (MCH, MCV, MCHC) PLUS a white blood cell differential test which determines the percentage of the total WBC made up by different types of leukocytes.

Question 9

erythrocyte

Answer 9

Red blood cell (there are about 5 million per microliter or cubic millimeter of blood.)

Question 10

hematocrit (Hct)

Answer 10

Percentage of erythrocytes in a volume of blood.

Question 11

hemolysis

Answer 11

Destruction or breakdown of blood.

Question 12

hemoglobin

Answer 12

Blood protein containing iron; carries oxygen in red blood cells.

Question 13

hemophilia

Answer 13

Excessive bleeding caused by hereditary lack of one of the protein substances necessary for blood clotting.

Question 14

leukemia

Answer 14

An increase in cancerous white blood cells.

Question 15

leukocyte

Answer 15

White blood cell.

Question 16

mononucleosis

Answer 16

An infectious disease marked by increased numbers of leukocytes and enlarged cervical lymph nodes.

Question 17

multiple myeloma

Answer 17

Malignant neoplasm (tumor) of bone marrow

Question 18

partial thromboplastin time (PTT)

Answer 18

Measures the presence of plasma factors that act in a portion of the coagulation pathway.

Question 19

plasma

Answer 19

Liquid portion of blood; contains water, protein, salts, nutrients, hormones, and vitamins

Question 20

platelet (thrombocyte)

Answer 20

Smallest blood cell; clumps at sites of injury to prevent bleeding and facilitate clotting.

Question 21

prothrombin time (PT)

Answer 21

Plasma protein; converted to thrombin in the clotting process

Question 22

purpura

Answer 22

Multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin.

Question 23

red blood cell count (RBC)

Answer 23

Number of erythrocytes per cubic millimeter or microliter.

Question 24

white blood cell count (WBC)

Answer 24

Number of leukocytes per cubic millimeter or microliter.