Lesson 2B - Introduction to the Digestive System

Question 1

absorption

Answer 1

Passage of materials through the walls of the intestine into the blood stream

Question 2

anus

Answer 2

Opening of the digestive tract to the outside of the body

Question 3

appendix

Answer 3

Blind pouch hanging from the cecum

Question 4

bile

Answer 4

Digestive juice made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It breaks up large fat globules.

Question 5

bilirubin

Answer 5

Pigment released by the liver in the bile

Question 6

cecum

Answer 6

First part of the large intestine

Question 7

colon

Answer 7

Large intestine (ascending, transverse, descending colon)

Question 8

defecation

Answer 8

Expulsion or passage of feces from the body through the anus

Question 9

diarrhea

Answer 9

Watery stools

Question 10

digestion

Answer 10

Breakdown of complex foods to simpler forms

Question 11

duodenum

Answer 11

First part of the small intestine

Question 12

elimination

Answer 12

Removal of waste material from the body

Question 13

feces

Answer 13

Solid wastes; stools

Question 14

gallbladder

Answer 14

small sac under the liver; stores bile

Question 15

gastrointestinal tract (GI)

Answer 15

Consists of three functions; digestion, absorption, and elimination of food

Question 16

ileum

Answer 16

Third part of the small intestine

Question 17

jejunum

Answer 17

Second part of the small intestine

Question 18

large intestine/bowel

Answer 18

Extends from the ileum to the anus. Six sections, cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum

Question 19

liver

Answer 19

A large organ located in the RUQ of the abdomen. The liver secretes bile; stores sugar, iron and vitamins; produces blood proteins; and destroys worn out red blood cells.

Question 20

mastication

Answer 20

Chewing

Question 21

perisalsis

Answer 21

Rhythm-like contractions of the tubes of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and other tubular structures

Question 22

pyloric sphincter

Answer 22

Ring of muscle fibers at the distal region of the stomach, where it joins the duodenum

Question 23

rectum

Answer 23

Last section of the colon

Question 24

sigmoid colon

Answer 24

Lower part of the colon, shaped like an S

Question 25

small intestine/bowel

Answer 25

The small intestine has three parts, the duodenum, the jejunum and the ileum

Question 26

sublingual

Answer 26

tissue under the tongue

Question 27

uvula

Answer 27

Soft tissue hanging from the soft palate into the mouth