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Medical Terminology > Lesson 3 - Digestive System > Flashcards

Lesson 3 - Digestive System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

anastomosis

A

A new connection between two previously unconnected tubes.

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2
Q

anorexia

A

Lack of appetite.

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3
Q

appendectomy

A

The surgical removal of the appendix.

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4
Q

appendicitis

A

Inflammation of the appendix.

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5
Q

ascites

A

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen.

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6
Q

buccal mucosa

A

The cheek lining.

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7
Q

cholecystectomy

A

Surgical removal of the gallbladder.

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8
Q

cholelithiasis

A

Gallstones in the gallbladder.

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9
Q

cirrhosis

A

Chronic degenerative disease of the liver.

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10
Q

colitis

A

Inflammation of the colon.

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11
Q

colonoscopy

A

Visual examination of the colon using a flexible fiber optic tube through the anus.

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12
Q

crohn disease

A

Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract.

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13
Q

diverticulosis

A

Abnormal side pockets in the intestinal wall.

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14
Q

dyspepsia

A

Painful digestion.

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15
Q

dysphagia

A

Painful swallowing.

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16
Q

eructation

A

Gas expelled from the stomach through the mouth (belching).

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17
Q

esophageal varices

A

Swollen, varicose veins in the distal portion of the esophagus or upper part of the stomach.

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18
Q

gastric bypass

A

Reducing the size of the stomach and diverting food to the jejunum.

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19
Q

gastroenteritis

A

Inflammation of the stomach and intestines.

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20
Q

gastroenterology

A

The study of the stomach and intestines.

21
Q

gingivitis

A

Inflammation of the gingival/gums.

22
Q

glucose

A

Simple sugar.

23
Q

glycogen

A

Starch, glucose is stored in the form of glycogen in the liver cells.

24
Q

hemoptysis

A

Splitting or coughing up blood

25
Q

hemorrhoids

A

Swollen, twisted, varicose veins in the rectal region.

26
Q

hepatomegaly

A

Enlargement of the liver.

27
Q

herniorrhaphy (-rrhaphy=suture)

A

Surgical repair of hernia (protrusion of an organ or part through the muscle normally containing it.

28
Q

hiatal hernia

A

The upper part of the stomach protrudes upward through the diaphragm.

29
Q

hypoglossal

A

Situated under the tongue.

30
Q

ileostomy

A

A surgical creation of an opening (stoma) between the outside surface of the abdominal wall into the ileum (third section of the small intestine).

31
Q

inguinal hernia

A

Small loop of bowel protrudes through weak lower abdominal muscle.

32
Q

intussusception

A

Telescoping of the intestines, one segment of the bowel collapses into the opening of another.

33
Q

irritable bowel syndrome

A

Group of gastrointestinal symptoms associated with stress and tension.

34
Q

jaundice

A

Yellow-orange coloration of the skin and other tissues caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood.

35
Q

laparoscopy

A

Looking into the abdomen with a scope.

36
Q

lipase

A

Pancreatic enzyme necessary to digest fats.

37
Q

melena

A

Black, tarry stools; feces containing digested blood.

38
Q

mesentery

A

Part of the double fold of peritoneum that stretches around the organs of the abdomen, holding the organs in place.

39
Q

pancreatitis

A

Inflammation of the pancreas.

40
Q

paracentesis

A

Removal of fluid from the peritoneal cavity.

41
Q

parenteral

A

Apart from the intestinal tract.

42
Q

postprandial

A

After meals.

43
Q

rectocele

A

The rectum herniates (protrudes) through the vaginal wall.

44
Q

sigmoidoscopy

A

Visual examination of the sigmoid using a flexible fiber optic tube though the anus.

45
Q

stomatitis

A

Inflammation of the mouth

46
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

Chronic inflammation of the colon with presence of ulcers.

47
Q

viral hepatitis

A

Inflammation of the liver caused by a virus.

48
Q

volvulus

A

Twisting of the intestine upon itself.

Medical Terminology (13 decks)

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