Lesson 12 - Nervous System

Question 0

analgesia

Answer 0

Without sensation to pain.

Question 1

Alzheimer disease

Answer 1

Brain disorder marked by gradual deterioration of mental capacity (dementia) beginning in middle age.

Question 2

anesthesia

Answer 2

Lack of normal sensation.

Question 3

aphasia

Answer 3

(-phasia=speech) Without speech.

Question 4

autonomic nervous system

Answer 4

Nerves that control involuntary body functions of muscles, glands, ad internal organs.

Question 5

central nervous system (CNS)

Answer 5

Brain and spinal cord.

Question 6

cephalgia

Answer 6

Pain in the head/headaches.

Question 7

cerebellum

Answer 7

Part of the brain that coordinates muscle movements and maintains balance.

Question 8

cerebral palsy

Answer 8

Palsy means paralysis. Cerebral palsy is partial paralysis and lack of muscular coordination caused by loss of oxygen (hypoxia) or blood flow to the cerebrum during gestation or in the perinatal period.

Question 9

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Answer 9

Fluid that circulates throughout the brain and spinal cord.

Question 10

cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

Answer 10

Stroke. Disruption in the normal blood supply to the brain.

Question 11

cerebrum

Answer 11

Largest part of the brain; the “thinking area” - responsible for voluntary muscular activity, vision, speech, hearing, thought and memory.

Question 12

coma

Answer 12

Deep sleep

Question 13

concussion

Answer 13

Temporary brain dysfunction (brief loss of consciousness) after injury, usually cleaning within 24 hours.

Question 14

dyslexia

Answer 14

Reading, writing and learning disorder.

Question 15

encephalitis

Answer 15

Inflammation of the brain

Question 16

electroencephalography (EEG)

Answer 16

Recording of the electrical activity of the brain.

Question 17

epilepsy

Answer 17

Chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizure activity.

Question 18

hemiparesis

Answer 18

Slight weakness. Affects either the right or the left side of the body.

Question 19

hemiplegia

Answer 19

Paralysis, loss or impairment of the mobility to move either the right or left half of the body.

Question 20

hydrocephalus

Answer 20

Abnormal accumulation of fluid (CSF) in the brain.

Question 21

lumbar (spinal) puncture (LP)

Answer 21

CSF is withdrawn from between two lumbar vertebrae.

Question 22

meninges

mening/o; meningl/o

Answer 22

Three protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord.

Question 23

meningitis

Answer 23

Inflammation of the meninges. Condition is caused by a bacteria or viruses.

Question 24

motor nerves

Answer 24

Carry messages away from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and organs; efferent (ef=away) nerves.

Question 25

Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

Answer 25

Chronic disease marked by long periods of remission (stability) and relapse (worsening). Caused by destruction of the myelin sheath on neurons in the CNS, it prevents the conduction of nerve impulses through the axon and causes muscle weakness, unsteady gait, and paralysis.

Question 26

myelography

Answer 26

(myel=spinal cord) X-ray images of the spinal cord after injection of contrast medium into the subarachnoid space.

Question 27

narcolepsy

Answer 27

Sudden, uncontrollable compulsion to sleep.

Question 28

nerve

Answer 28

A structure that consists of axons and dendrites in bundles like strands of rope.

Question 29

neuralgia

Answer 29

Nerve pain.

Question 30

neuropathy

Answer 30

Disease of the nerves.

Question 31

Parkinson disease

Answer 31

Degeneration of nerves, occurring in later life and leading to tremors, weakness of muscles, and slowness of movement.

Question 32

peripheral nervous system

Answer 32

Nerves outside the brain and spinal cord; cranial, spinal and automatic nerves

Question 33

position emission tomography (PET) scan

Answer 33

Images produced after injection of radioactive glucose or oxygen. Provides valuable information about patients with Alzheimer disease, troke, schizophrenia, and epilepsy.

Question 34

quadriplegia

Answer 34

All four extremities are paralyzed. Injury is at the cervical level of the spinal cord.

Question 35

receptor

Answer 35

Organ that receives a nervous stimulation and passes it on to nerves within the body. The skin, ears, eyes, and taste buds are receptors.

Question 36

sensory nerves

Answer 36

Carry messages to the brain and spinal cord from receptor; afferent (af=after) nerves.

Question 37

Spina bifida

Answer 37

Congenital (present at birth) defect in the lumbar spinal column caused by imperfect union of vertebral parts (neural tube defect).

Question 38

synapse

Answer 38

The space through which a nerve impulse or from a neuron to another cell, such as muscle or gland cell.

Question 39

syncope

Answer 39

(syncope/o=to cut off/cut short) Fainting; sudden and temporary loss of consciousness caused by inadequate flow of blood to the brain.

Question 40

Tourette syndrome

Answer 40

Involuntary, spasmodic, twitching movements; uncontrollable vocal sounds; and inappropriate words.