Lesson 7: Grammar Review Flashcards
Verb familes are called ___, and noun families are called ___.
conjugations; declensions
How many declensions are there? Name them.
five; 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th
Give the four attributes of nouns.
declension, gender, number, and case
The three genders are ___.
masculine, feminine, neuter
Nouns that name male or female persons or animals have ___ gender. Give three English examples.
natural; sister, brother, father, queen, king, uncle, etc.
Nouns that name non-living things have ___ gender.
grammatical
To what does the case of a noun refer?
the job (function) of a noun in a sentence
Name the cases in order.
nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, ablative
What is the subject case?
nominative
What is the direct object case?
accusative
What is the indirect object case?
dative
What is the possessive case?
genitive
What is the in/by/with/from case?
ablative
What is the to/for case?
dative
What is the of case?
genitive
The genitive singular of a 1st-declension noun always ends in ___.
-ae
1st-declension nouns are usually what gender?
feminine
Three exceptions to the 1st-declension gender rule are ___.
agricola, nauta, poeta
Latin does not have the English articles ___.
a, an, the
Give three translations for the Latin noun mensa.
table, a table, the table
The genitive singular of a 2nd-declension noun always ends in ___.
-i
2nd-declension -us nouns are usually ___ in gender.
masculine
Name the two subgroups of the 2nd declension, and give their gender.
- -us nouns with masculine gender
- -um nouns with neuter gender
Verbs have ___ endings and nouns have ___ endings.
personal, tense; case
2nd-declension -um nouns are always ___ in gender.
neuter
The natural gender rule ___ all other gender rules.
trumps
What is the neuter rule?
nominative and accusative endings are the same
nominative and accusative plural ending is -a
The declension a noun belongs to is determend by the ___ ending.
genitive singular
The subject and verb must agree in ___.
person and number
What does an adjective do?
An adjective modifies or describes a noun or pronoun.
In Latin an adjective must agree with its noun in ___, ___, and ___, but not ___.
gender, number, case; declension
Usually an adjective of ___ precedes a noun, and an adjective of ___ follows a noun.
quantity or size; quality
Counting numbers are called ___ numbers.
cardinal
Numbers which indicate the order of things in a series are called ___ numbers.
ordinal
What is Sentence Pattern #3?
Subject + Linking verb + Predicate Adjective
What is Sentence Pattern #4?
Subject + Linking verb + Predicate Nominative
