Lesson 20: Grammar Review Flashcards
What English helping verbs translate the future perfect tense?
will have
Why is the 3rd conjugation an old maid?
It has no bo’s in the future.
What English helping verbs translate the imperfect tense?
were, was
The future perfect tense describes what kind of action?
a future action that will be completed prior to another future action
The tenses that make up the present system are ___, ___, ___ and they are built on the ___.
perfect, pluperfect, future perfect; perfect stem
The three tenses that make up the present system are ___.
present, imperfect, future
The to be verb shows ___, not ___.
existence; action
The imperfect tense sign is ___.
ba
Give the stem vowels for all four conjugations.
1st - a, 2nd - ē, 3rd - none, 4th - i
The infinitive ending for 2nd-conjugation verbs is ___; and for 3rd-conjugation verbs is ___.
-ēre; -ere
Give three translations for amavi.
I loved, I have loved, I did love
Many 3rd declension adjectives can be changed into adverbs by adding ___ to the adjective stem.
-iter
The 3rd conjugation does not have a stem with a consistent ___.
stem vowel
Give the six attributes of a Latin verb.
conjugation, person, number, tense, voice, mood
How do you find the perfect stem?
Drop -i from the 3rd principal part.
The present system of 3rd io verbs looks exactly like ___.
the present system of the 4th conjugation
The 1st person is the person ___.
The 2nd person is the person ___.
The 3rd person is the person ___.
speaking
spoken to
spoken about
What English helping verb translates the Latin future tenses?
will
In Latin grammar, perfect means ___.
finished
How many Latin tenses are there? Name them.
six; present, imperfect, future, perfect, pluperfect, future perfect
Define adverb.
An adverb modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb.
The pluperfect tense is built on the ___ stem.
perfect
What English helping verbs translate the Latin perfect tense?
have, has, did
An adverb most commonly modifies a verb by answering the questions ___.
how, when, where, to what extent
The stem vowel of the 1st conjugation is __.
a
In the 3rd conjugation, you must chop to the ___ to find the present stem.
root
The pluperfect tense describes what kind of action?
a past action completed prior to another past action
The pluperfect tense endings are identical to ___.
the imperfect tense of sum
What is the name of the 2nd principal part?
infinitive
Although 3rd-conjugation verbs do not have regular principal parts, they do have ___ that will help you remember them. What is the pattern for verbs like rego?
patterns
-o -ere -xi -ctus
Give the three grammar persons.
first person, second person, third person
The subject tells
who or what the sentence is about
Some adjectives use their ___ forms as adverbs. These forms end in either ___ or ___.
Two examples are ___ and ___.
neutuer singular accusative; -um; -e
multum, fácile
The future perfect tense is built on the ___ stem.
perfect
The present system of the 4th conjugation is essentially the same as the 3rd conjugation with the addition of ___.
the stem vowel i
What is Sentence Pattern #2?
Subject + Verb + Direct Object
The infinitive of the 4th conjugation is
-ire
What is Sentence Pattern #1?
Subject + Verb
How can you remember the variable vowels in the 3rd conjugation present system?
AE in future, IOU in present
In English I praise is the ___ present, I am praising is the ___ present, and I do praise is the ___ present.
simple; progressive; emphatic
How many conjugations are there? Name them.
four; first, second, third, fourth
Many 1st/2nd-declension adjectives can be changed into adverbs by adding ___ to the adjective stem.
-ē
What is the first complement in this text?
the complementary infinitive
How do you find the present stem?
Drop re from the infinitive
Give the English forms of the to be verb.
am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been
The present system is built on the ___.
present stem
3rd io verbs belong to the 3rd conjugation because their infinitive ends in ___.
-ere
The infinitive ending for all 1st conjugation verbs is ___.
-are
Give the regular endings for the principal parts of 1st conjugation verbs.
-o -are -avi -atus
The English infinitive is written with the particle ___ before the verb.
to
What English helping verb translates the pluperfect tense?
had
The perfect tense describes what kind of action?
a one-time action completed in the past
Verb families are called ___.
conjugations
The imperfect tense is used to describe an ___, ___, ___ or ___ ___action.
ongoing, repeated, habitual; interrupted
How do you find the perfect stem for all four conjugations?
Drop the i from the 3rd principal part.
The two basic parts of a sentence are ___.
the subject and the predicate
Something that completes the action of the verb is a ___.
complement
The future perfect tense endings are identical to ___ except for the ___.
the future tense of sum; 3rd person plural
The perfect system is ___ regular in all four conjugations.
perfectly
The perfect tense is built on the ___ stem.
perfect
What are principal parts? How many are there?
The forms that provide the stems needed to conjugate a verb in all its tenses. There are usually four principal parts.
Give the names for the three forms of the English present tense.
simple present, progressive present, emphatic present
Give the two grammar numbers.
singular, plural
The predicate tells ___
what the subject is or does
In Latin grammar, imperfect means ___.
not finished
