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PSYC 203 > LESSON 5.2: The Newborn Infant > Flashcards

LESSON 5.2: The Newborn Infant Flashcards

1
Q

process of receiving information from the environment through our sensory organs

A

sensation

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2
Q

process of interpreting and organizing the incoming information in order to understand and react accordingly

A

perception

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3
Q

methods to assess infants perception

A
  • visual preference method
  • habituation
  • dishabituation
  • familiarization
  • tracking
  • evoked potentials
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4
Q

moving eyes and/or head to follow moving objects

A

tracking

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5
Q

procedure for testing infant perceptual and cognitive skills by presenting an item for a set number of time or trials and then comparing infant interest in the familiar item with interest in a novel one

A

familiarization

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6
Q

method of presenting a novel item to see if the infant shows refreshed interest

A

dishabituation

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7
Q

observing infant viewing preferences to two or more items

A

visual preference method

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8
Q

in visual preference method, infants are presented with different stimuli ______ and observed to see which ones they look at _____

A
  • simultaneously
  • longest
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9
Q

brain’s responses to various stimulation are measured using electrical conductivity

A

evoked potentials

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10
Q

decreased responsiveness to stimuli after being repeatedly exposed to it

A

habituation

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11
Q

sensory capacities

A
  • vision
  • hearing
  • smell
  • taste
  • touch and pain
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12
Q

least well-developed of the infant’s senses

A

vision

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13
Q

procedure for testing infant auditory skills in which infants suck on a dummy or pacifier to maintain a sound if interested

A

High amplitude sucking (HAS)

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14
Q

___ is evident as soon as the seventh month of age

A

hearing

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15
Q

infants can distinguish mother’s scent at ______

A

the time of birth

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16
Q

4 basic tastes neonates can distinguish

A
  • sweet
  • sour
  • salty
  • bitter
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17
Q

newborns prefer _____ flavors

A

sweet

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18
Q

taste sensitivity ____ with age

A

weakens

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19
Q

newborns are ______ to touch and temperature

A

sensitive

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20
Q

involuntary movements in response to stimulation

A

reflexes

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21
Q

10 types of reflexes

A
  • sucking reflex
  • rooting reflex
  • grasping reflex
  • stepping reflex
  • swimming reflex
  • tonic neck reflex
  • moro relfex
  • babinski reflex
  • gag reflex
  • eye blink reflex
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22
Q

infant’s reflex to clear its throat

A

gag reflex

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23
Q

occurs in response to a sudden, intense noise or movement

A

moro reflex

24
Q

moro reflex is also known as _____

A

startle reflex

25
Q

prepares infants for independent locomotion

A

stepping reflex

26
Q

neonate’s tendency to turn its head toward things that touch its cheek

A

rooting reflex

27
Q

develops hand-eye coordination

A

tonic neck reflex

28
Q

newborn’s tendency to automatically suck an object placed in its mouth

A

sucking reflex

29
Q

occurs when something touches the infant’s palms

A

grasping reflex

30
Q

involves the use of fingers and palm in grasping

A

palmar grasp reflex

31
Q

deals with the foot in grasping

A

plantar grasp reflex

32
Q

tendency to paddle and kick in a sort of swimming motion when lying face down in a body of water

A

swimming reflex

33
Q

an infant fans out its toes in response to a stroke on the outside of its foot

A

babinski reflex

34
Q

rapid shutting and opening of eye on exposure to direct light

A

eye blink reflex

35
Q

occurs in an orderly sequence as infants move from reflexive reactions to more advanced functioning

A

motor development

36
Q

motor development principles;

A
  • cephalocaudal
  • proximodistal
37
Q

ability to move our bodies and manipulate objects

A

motor skills

38
Q

motor skills:

A
  • gross-motor
  • fine-motor
39
Q

motor skills:

A
  • gross-motor
  • fine-motor
40
Q

involves large-muscle activities

A

gross motor skills

41
Q

involves more finely tuned movements; enable coordination of small actions

A

fine motor skills

42
Q

infants conduct an understanding of the world by coordinating sensory experiences with physical, motoric actions

A

sensorimotor stage

43
Q

at the beginning of sensorimotor stage:

A

reflexive (rely only on reflexes)

44
Q

at the end of sensorimotor stage:

A

reflective (can produce complex sensorimotor patterns and use primitive symbols)

45
Q

6 substages of sensorimotor stage

A
  • simple reflexes
  • first habits and primary circular reactions
  • secondary circular reactions
  • coordination of secondary circular reactions
  • tertiary secondary reactions
  • internalization of schemes
46
Q

infants become intrigued by the many properties of objects and by the many things they can make happen to objects

A

tertiary circular reactions

47
Q

coordination of sensation and two types of schemes

A

first habits and primary circular reaction

48
Q

coordination of sensation and action

A

simple reflexes

49
Q

repeat actions that bring interesting results

A

secondary circular reactions

50
Q

infants develop the ability to use primitive symbols and form enduring mental representations

A

internalization of schemes

51
Q

coordination of vision and touch (hand-eye coordination)

A

coordination of secondary circular reactions

52
Q

understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen, heard, or touched

A

object permanence

53
Q

form of communication, whether spoken, written or signed, that is based on a system of symbols

A

language

54
Q

language development of infants:

A
  • crying
  • cooing
  • understands first words
  • babbling
  • transition from the universal linguist to language-specific listener
  • using gestures
  • speaking one’s first word
  • vocabulary spurt starts
  • two-word utterances
55
Q

use of short and precise words without grammatical markers

A

telegraphic speech

PSYC 203 (11 decks)

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