Lesson 5 - Glycosidic bond formation and hydrolysis (disaccharides & intro to polysaccharides)

Question 1

How many bonds can carbon make?

Answer 1

3

Question 2

What type of reaction is it when glucose and fructose bond to form a disaccharide?

Answer 2

Water (H2O) leaves, leaving only an O and H. This means that the Oxygen becomes the bond between both molecules. So it’s a hydrolysis reaction.

Question 3

Disaccharide definition

Answer 3

Two monosaccharide units join together forming a glycosidic bond to form a disaccharide

Question 4

2 monosaccharides bond to form a disaccharide and…

Answer 4

Water

Question 5

3 examples of disaccharides that you need to know

Answer 5

Maltose = alpha glucose + alpha glucose
Lactose = alpha glucose + galactose
Sucrose = alpha glucose + fructose

Question 6

What’s the difference between condensation and hydrolysis reactions?

Answer 6

Condensation = small molecule +small molecule bond to produce a large molecule + water. Energy is taken in.
Hydrolysis = a large molecule + water bond to produce 2 small molecules. Energy is released.

Question 7

2 isomers of glucose

Answer 7

Alpha and beta

Question 8

Isomers definition

Answer 8

molecules that have the same chemical formula but a different arrangement of atoms

Question 9

Condensation and hydrolysis reactions in terms of a glycosidic bond

Answer 9

Condensation = Formation of a 1- 4 glycosidic bond
Hydrolysis = Breaking of a 1- 4 glycosidic bond