Lesson 2 - Inorganic Ions

Question 1

What are the different types of of chemical bonding between atoms to form molecules

Answer 1

Covalent bonding
Ionic bonding

Question 2

Covalent bonding

Answer 2

Involves sharing of electrons between atoms to create full outer shells
Occurs between non-metals

Question 3

Ionic bonding

Answer 3

Involves donating of electrons to form ions,
which have an electrical charge due to the loss or gain of electrons
Occurs between a metal and a non-metal

Question 4

The building blocks of all living things

Answer 4

Atom, Molecule, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ system, Organism

Question 5

What’s a reducing agent

Answer 5

The atom that gives 1 or more of its electrons to another atom.

Question 6

What’s an oxidising agent

Answer 6

An atom that gains 1 or more electrons from the reducing agent and becomes an ion.

Question 7

The 3 isotopes of Carbon

Answer 7

Carbon-12: 6 protons, 6 neutrons. Nuclear number 6+6 = 12
Carbon-13: 6 protons, 7 neutrons. Nuclear number 6+7 = 13
Carbon-14: 6 protons, 8 neutrons. Nuclear number 6+8 = 14

Question 8

Inorganic ion definition

Answer 8

an ion that does not contain carbon

Question 9

Name some roles of inorganic ions

Answer 9

Hydrogen ions - determine pH of solution
Magnesium ions - found in chlorophyll
Iron ions - in haemoglobin
Calcium ions - in bones
Sodium ions - co-transport of glucose/amino acids
Phosphate ions - DNA/ATP

Question 10

Roles of:

Hydrogen (H+)
Iron (Fe2+)
Phosphate (PO 3-) 4
Sodium (Na+)

Answer 10

Hydrogen (H+) - Important in determining the pH of solutions and therefore functioning of enzymes
Iron (Fe2+) - Found in haemoglobin - role in transport of oxygen
Phosphate (PO4 3-) - Structural role in DNA molecules and a role in storing energy in ATP molecules
Sodium (Na+) - Important in the transport of glucose and amino acids across plasma membranes (by cotransport)