Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology > Lesson 5 > Flashcards

Lesson 5 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Alveol/o

A

Alveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Bronch/o

A

Bronchial tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cyan/o

A

Blue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Hem/o

A

Blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Laryng/o

A

Larynx, voice box

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Nas/o

A

Nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Orth/o

A

Straight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ox/i

A

Oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pharyng/o

A

Pharynx, throat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pneumon/o

A

Lung, air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Pulmon/o

A

Lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Py/o

A

Pus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Rhin/o

A

Nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Spir/o

A

To breathe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Trache/o

A

Trach ea, windpipe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

a-, an-

A

Without

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

brady-

A

Slow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

dys-

A

Difficult, painful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

eu-

A

Good, normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

hyper-

A

Increased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

hypo-

A

Decreased, deficient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

para-

A

Beside

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

tachy-

A

Fast, rapid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

-centesis

A

Surgical puncture to remove fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

-dynia

A

Pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

-ectomy

A

Surgical removal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

-ia

A

Abnormal condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

-itis

A

Inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

-metry

A

To measure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

-ologist

A

Specialist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

-osis

A

Abnormal condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

-ostomy

A

Creation of an opening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

-otomy

A

Surgical incision into

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

-plasty

A

Surgical repair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

-pnea

A

Breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

-ptysis

A

Spitting up, coughing up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

-rrhagia

A

Bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

-rrhea

A

Flow, discharge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

-scopy

A

Visual examination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

anoxia

A

is the absence of oxygen from the body’s gases, blood, or tissues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

anthracosis

A

also known as black lung disease, is the form of pneumoconiosis caused by coal dust in the lungs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

apnea

A

is the absence of spontaneous respiration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

asbestosis

A

is the form of pneumoconiosis caused by asbestos particles in the lungs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

aspiration pneumonia

A

can develop when a foreign substance, such as vomit, is inhaled into the lungs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

bradypnea

A

is an abnormally slow rate of respiration usually of less than 10 breaths per minute.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Cheyne-Stokes respiration

A

is a pattern of alternating periods of slow breathing and the absence of breathing that are followed by rapid breathing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

cystic fibrosis

A

is a genetic disorder in which the lungs and pancreas are clogged with large quantities of abnormally thick mucus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

dysphonia

A

is any change in vocal quality, including hoarseness, weakness, or the cracking of a boy’s voice in puberty.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

dyspnea

A

is difficult or labored breathing also known as shortness of breath.

50
Q

emphysema

A

is the progressive loss of lung function that is commonly attributed to long term smoking.

51
Q

Endotrachial intubation

A

is the passage of a tube through the nose or mouth into the trachea to establish or maintain an open airway.

52
Q

pertussis

A

is a contagious bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract, also known as whooping cough.

53
Q

pneumoconiosis

A

is an abnormal condition caused by dust in the lungs that usually develops after years of environmental or occupational contact.

54
Q

polysomnography

A

also known as a sleep apnea study, is a diagnostic test that measures physiological activity during sleep.

55
Q

tachypnea

A

is an abnormally rapid rate of respiration usually of more than 20 breaths per minute.

56
Q

thoracentesis

A

is the surgical puncture of the chest wall with a needle to remove fluid from the pleural cavity.

57
Q

thoracostomy

A

is the surgical creation of an opening into the chest cavity that is performed to establish drainage of empyema.

58
Q

tracheostomy

A

is the creation of an opening into the trachea and insertion of a tube to facilitate the passage of air or the removal of secretions.

59
Q

tracheotomy

A

is an emergency procedure performed to gain access to the airway below a blockage.

60
Q

Acute

A

A disease or symptom that begins suddenly or worsens quickly

61
Q

Aspiration

A

The accidental breathing in of food or fluid into the lungs

62
Q

Chronic

A

A disease or symptom persisting for a long time

63
Q

Edema

A

An abnormal accumulation of fluid in certain tissues within the body

64
Q

Effusion

A

Escape of fluid from blood or lymph vessels into the tissues or body cavity

65
Q

Exacerbation

A

An increase in the severity of a disease; worsening

66
Q

Exhalation

A

The act of breathing out

67
Q

Fibrosis

A

Normal tissue is replaced by hardened tissue

68
Q

Inhalation

A

The act of drawing air into the lungs

69
Q

Interstitial

A

The spaces around a tissue or an organ

70
Q

Intubation

A

Insertion of a plastic tube into the trachea to maintain an open airway

71
Q

Latent

A

Describes a condition that is present but not active or causing symptoms

72
Q

Mucous membrane

A

Sheetlike tissues that act as a lining with cells that secrete mucus

73
Q

Nosocomial

A

Acquired in a hospital, especially in reference to an infection

74
Q

Phlegm

A

A type of mucus made in the lower respiratory tract

75
Q

Respiration

A

The exchange of oxygen for carbon dioxide; breathing

76
Q

Septum

A

Wall that separates two sides, such as between the nostrils or the chambers of the heart

77
Q

Serous membrane

A

Sheetlike tissues that act as a lining with cells that secrete fluid

78
Q

Sputum

A

Phlegm that is coughed up and ejected through the mouth

79
Q

Stoma

A

The surgically created opening on a body surface following a colostomy or tracheostomy

80
Q

Visceral

A

Relating to the soft internal organs of the body, including the lungs, the heart, and the organs of the digestive, urinary, reproductive, and circulatory systems

81
Q

ARDS

A

Acute respiratory distress syndrome

82
Q

CAP

A

Community acquired pneumonia

83
Q

CF

A

Cystic fibrosis

84
Q

CO2

A

Carbon dioxide

85
Q

COPD

A

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

86
Q

CPAP

A

Continuous positive airway pressure

87
Q

CXR

A

Chest x-ray

88
Q

LLL

A

Left lower lobe (of lung)

89
Q

LUL

A

Left upper lobe (of lung)

90
Q

NG tube

A

Nasogastric tube

91
Q

O2

A

Oxygen

92
Q

OSA

A

Obstructive sleep apnea

93
Q

PE

A

Pulmonary embolism

94
Q

PFT

A

Pulmonary function test

95
Q

PNA

A

Pneumonia

96
Q

PPD

A

Tuberculin skin test (stands for purified protein derivative)

97
Q

RLL

A

Right lower lobe (of lung)

98
Q

RUL

A

Right upper lobe (of lung)

99
Q

SOB

A

Shortness of breath

100
Q

TB

A

Tuberculosis

101
Q

URI

A

Upper respiratory infection

102
Q

Nasal cavity

A

Air enters the nasal cavity through two openings called the nostrils or nares. The nasal cavity is lined with a mucous membrane. The mucus that lines the mucous membrane provides a physical barrier against invasion by pathogens (harmful microorganisms), dust, and pollen. It is sticky and traps these particles when they enter the nasal cavity. In addition, inhaled air is warmed and moistened by the tissue that lines the nasal cavity.

103
Q

Olfactory receptors

A

Humans have 12 million receptor cells for smell in the extreme upper region of the nasal cavity (olfactory region). By contrast, a dog has 4 billion receptor cells, which is why they can be trained to sniff for drugs, explosives, and dead bodies.

104
Q

Paranasal sinuses

A

Paranasal sinuses are air-filled cavities that surround the nasal cavity. They function to reduce the weight of the skull, to produce mucus, and to influence voice quality by acting as resonating chambers. The four paranasal sinuses are maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoid, and frontal.

105
Q

Pharynx

A

Commonly known as the throat, the pharynx is a passageway that serves both the respiratory and digestive systems. The pharynx receives air after it passes through the nose or mouth.

106
Q

Larynx

A

Commonly known as the voice box, the larynx lies between the pharynx and the trachea. Air exhaled from the lungs passes through the larynx and vibrates the vocal folds, which creates sound.

107
Q

Trachea

A

Commonly known as the windpipe, the trachea is the main airway to the lungs. The trachea divides into two large branches (primary bronchi), which channel air to the right or left lung.

108
Q

Lungs

A

Two lungs expand and contract to supply oxygen to tissues all over the body and dispose of carbon dioxide. Each lung is enclosed by a double-layered serous membrane, called the pleura. This membrane also divides each lung into sections called lobes. The right lung has three lobes. The left lung has two lobes to make room for the heart.

109
Q

Bronchi and Bronchioles

A

The bronchi and bronchioles are a network of intricate passages that supply the lungs with air. The primary bronchi run into each lung before branching off into smaller bronchi. These smaller bronchi subdivide into increasingly smaller branches called bronchioles. Each bronchiole further splits into many smaller branches called terminal bronchioles. Finally, the millions of tiny terminal bronchioles conduct air to the alveoli of the lungs.

110
Q

Alveoli

A

The alveoli (air sacs) are very small, grapelike clusters found at the end of each bronchiole. Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air in the lungs and the blood in the capillaries occurs across the walls of the millions of alveoli in each lung.

111
Q

Diaphragm

A

The diaphragm is a muscular sheet between the base of the lungs and the abdominal cavity. It is the contraction and relaxation of this muscle that makes breathing possible.

112
Q

Asthma

A

Asthma is a chronic lung condition with inflammation, constriction of the airways, and difficulty breathing. Worsening of asthma symptoms usually occurs after exposure to factors known as triggers. Identifying which factors trigger an attack and taking steps to avoid the triggers are important parts of asthma management.

113
Q

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

A

COPD is a condition marked by progressive destruction of the air sacs in the lungs and loss of respiratory membrane for oxygen exchange. This lung damage leads to shortness of breath, coughing, wheezing, and fatigue. Unfortunately, the symptoms of COPD cannot be completely eliminated with treatment, and the condition continues to worsen over time.

114
Q

Lung Cancer

A

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States for both men and women. It claims more lives each year than colon, prostate, ovarian, and breast cancers combined. Cigarette smoking is estimated to cause 80 to 85 percent of all lung cancers in the United States.

115
Q

Pneumonia

A

Pneumonia is an infection of one or both of the lungs that causes the alveoli (air sacs) to fill up with fluid or pus. There are approximately four million cases of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the United States each year. Community-acquired pneumonia refers to pneumonia that develops in the community rather than in a hospital or nursing home.

116
Q

Asbestosis

A

This condition is caused when a person breathes in tiny asbestos fibers. Over time, this leads to scarring of the lungs and stiff lung tissue. It’s often linked with construction and shipyard work. Patients have a high risk of developing mesothelioma.

117
Q

Mesothelioma

A

Mesothelioma is a tumor of the tissue that lines the pleura. It is a disease of people who worked at jobs where they inhaled asbestos particles. It can be benign or malignant. Treatment of malignant mesothelioma can involve surgery, radiation, and/or chemotherapy.

118
Q

Pneumoconiosis or black lung disease

A

This disease is caused by inhaling coal dust and is common in coal miners. It causes inflammation and scarring of the lungs.

119
Q

Silicosis

A

This condition is caused by breathing in silica dust. This is a dust found in sandblasting operations and glass manufacturing facilities. It causes scarring of the lungs and increases the risk for other lung diseases.

120
Q

Influenza

A

Influenza (commonly called the flu) is a highly contagious illness that can occur in children or adults of any age. It occurs more often in the winter months because people spend more time in close contact with one another. The flu is spread easily from person to person by coughing, sneezing, or touching infected surfaces. Flu symptoms include cough, fever, muscle aches, runny nose, sore throat, weakness, and fatigue.

Medical Terminology (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions