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Medical Terminology > Lesson 3 > Flashcards

Lesson 3 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Angi/o

A

Blood vessel

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2
Q

AORT/O

A

AORTA

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3
Q

Arteri/o

A

Artery

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4
Q

Ather/o

A

Plaque, fatty substance

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5
Q

Cardi/o

A

Heart

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6
Q

Coron/o

A

Heart

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7
Q

Erythr/o

A

Red

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8
Q

Hem/o

A

Blood

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9
Q

Hermt/o

A

Blood

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10
Q

Leuk/o

A

White

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11
Q

My/o

A

Muscle

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12
Q

Phleb/o

A

Vein

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13
Q

Thromb/o

A

Clot

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14
Q

Vascul/o

A

Blood vessel

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15
Q

Ven/o

A

Vein

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16
Q

A-/an-

A

Without, less than

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17
Q

Anti-

A

Against

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18
Q

Brady

A

Slow

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19
Q

Endo-

A

Within, inside

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20
Q

Hyper-

A

Increased

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21
Q

Hypo-

A

Decreased

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22
Q

Peri-

A

Surrounding

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23
Q

Tacky-

A

Fast, rapid

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24
Q

-cyte

A

Cell

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25
Q

-Emia

A

Blood condition

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26
Q

-itis

A

Inflammation

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27
Q

-lytic

A

Destroy or dissolve

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28
Q

-penia

A

Deficiency, too few

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29
Q

-sclerosis

A

Abnormal hardening

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30
Q

Anemia

A

Is a lower than normal number of red blood cells in the blood

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31
Q

Aneurysm

A

Is a localized weak spot, or a blood like enlargement, of the wall of the artery

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32
Q

Angina

A

Also known as the angina pectoris, is a condition of episodes of severe chest pain due to an adequate blood flow to the mycardium

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33
Q

Atrial fibrillation

A

Occurs when the normal rhythmic contractions of the atria are replaced by rapid irregular twitching of the muscle heart wall

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34
Q

Cardiac catheterization

A

Is a diagnostic of treatment procedure in which a catheter is placed into a vein or artery and then guided into the heart

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35
Q

Carotid endarterectomy

A

Is the surgical removal of the lining of a portion of a clogged Carotid artery leading to the brain

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36
Q

Chronic venous insufficiency

A

Is a condition in which venous circulation is inadequate due to partial pain blockage or leakage of venous valves

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37
Q

Defibrillation

A

Is the use of electrical shock to restore a hearts normal rhythm

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38
Q

Electrocardiogram

A

Is a record of the electrical activity of the myocardium

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39
Q

Embolism

A

Is the sudden blockage of blood vessels by an embolus

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40
Q

Embolus

A

Is a foreign object, such as blood clot, quantity of air or gas, or a bit of tissue or tumor that is circulating in the blood

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41
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Is the iron containing pigment of the erythrocytes that transports oxygen from the lungs to all of the body tissues

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42
Q

Myocardial infarction

A

Also known as a heart attack, is the blockage of one or more coronary arteries resulting in a infarct of the affected myocardium

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43
Q

Sickle cell anemia

A

Is a generic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in some red blood cells assuming a abnormal circle shape

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44
Q

Thallium stress test

A

Is performed to evaluate how well blood flows through the coronary arteries to the heart muscle during exercise

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45
Q

Thrombolytic

A

Also known as clot-busting drug, causes the dissolving or breaking down of a thrombus

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46
Q

Thrombosis

A

Is the abnormal condition of having a thrombus

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47
Q

Thrombotic occlusion

A

Is the blockage of an artery by a thrombus

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48
Q

Thrombus

A

Is a blood clot attached to the inner wall of an artery or vein

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49
Q

Ventricular tachycardia

A

Is a very rapid heartbeat that begins within the ventricles. This condition is potentially fatal because the heart is beating so rapidly that it is unable to adequately pump blood through the body

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50
Q

AAA

A

Abdominal aortic aneurysm

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51
Q

AED

A

Automated external defibrillator

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52
Q

AMI

A

Acute myocardial Infarction

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53
Q

BP

A

Blood pressure

54
Q

CABG

A

Coronary artery bypass graft (pronounced cabbage)

55
Q

CAD

A

Coronary care unit

56
Q

CHF

A

Congestive heart failure

57
Q

CPR

A

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

58
Q

ECG or EKG

A

Electrocardiogram

59
Q

Echo

A

Echocardiogram

60
Q

HDL

A

High density lipoprotein(Good cholesterol)

61
Q

HTN

A

Hypertension

62
Q

ICD

A

Implantable cardioverter defibrillator

63
Q

LDL

A

Low density lipoprotein (Bad cholesterol)

64
Q

MI

A

Myocardial infarction

65
Q

PVD

A

Peripheral Vascular disease

66
Q

What would a thrombolytic destroy?

A

Blood clot

67
Q

Her mythology is the study of what?

A

Blood

68
Q

What is in erythrocyte?

A

Red blood cell

69
Q

What is tachycardia?

A

Fast heart rate

70
Q

What is the inflammation of a vein?

A

Phlebitis

71
Q

Epicardium

A

Is the outer most layer. It is a thin, transparent layer that protects the inner heart layers. Blood vessels that nourish the heart itself are nestled within the epicardium

72
Q

Myocardium

A

Is the middle and thickest layer. It consist of specialized cardiac muscle tissue that stimulates the contractions to pump the blood through the blood vessels. Coronary arteries supply oxygen rich blood to the myocardium to be pumped out to the body.

73
Q

Endocardium

A

This is the inner most layer of the heart. It is a thin, smooth membrane that lines the four chambers and valves of the heart

74
Q

Mitral or bicuspid

A

The valve is between the left Atrium and the left ventricle and consist of 2 cusps.

75
Q

Tricuspid

A

This valve is between the right Artium and the right ventricle consist of three cusps

76
Q

Aortic

A

This valve is between the left ventricle and the aorta and consist of three cusps

77
Q

Pulmonary

A

This valve is between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery and consist of three cusps

78
Q

Pulmonary circulation

A

Take the deoxygenated blood into the right side of the heart which pumps it to the lines to pick up oxygen

79
Q

Systemic circulation

A

Returns the oxygenated blood to the left side of the heart which pumps it to all of the tissues of the body

80
Q

This heart valve consist of two cusps

A

Mitral

81
Q

These are the two upper chambers of the heart

A

Atria

82
Q

This circulation pumps blood to all tissues of the body

A

Systematic

83
Q

The outer most layer of the heart

A

Epicardium

84
Q

The heart is located in this cavity

A

Thoracic

85
Q

Arteries

A

Carry oxygen rich blood away from the heart

86
Q

Arterioles

A

Branch off from the ends of the arteries and carry blood to the capillaries

87
Q

Capillaries

A

The smallest internist of the blood vessels and also the most common. Capillaries connect to arterioles on one end and venules on the other. Capillaries carry blood very close to the cells in order to exchange gases, nutrients, and waste products

88
Q

Venules

A

Small vessels that pick up blood from the capillaries and deposit it into larger veins for transport back to the heart

89
Q

Veins

A

Carry oxygen depleted blood to the lungs to receive oxygen

90
Q

Aorta

A

Is the largest artery in the body and carries blood away from the heart to the rest of the body. It runs from the heart through the center of the chest and abdomen

91
Q

Abdominal aorta

A

Is a segment of the aorta located in the abdominal cavity

92
Q

Carotid aorta

A

Are two large blood vessels, located one on each side of the neck. They supply the brain and head with blood

93
Q

Superior vena cava

A

Is the largest thing that brings blood from the head and arms into the heart

94
Q

Inferior vena cava

A

Is the largest thing that brings blood from the abdomen and legs to the heart

95
Q

The aorta is the largest artery in the body

A

True

96
Q

The epicardium is the outer most layer of the heart

A

True

97
Q

Leukocytes Help blood to clot after injury

A

False

98
Q

Arteries carry oxygen depleted blood to the lungs

A

False

99
Q

The heart has two chambers one atria in one ventricle

A

False it has four chambers

100
Q

The heart is enclosed in a membranous sac called the pericardium

A

True

101
Q

Valves allow a one way flow of blood throughout the heart

A

True

102
Q

Coronary artery disease (CAD)

A

The coronary arteries become Narrowed by fatty deposits called plaque

103
Q

Angina perctoris

A

Pain or tightness in the chest when fatty play inside the coronary arteries restricts the blood flow to the heart

104
Q

Myocardial infraction (MI)

A

MI or “heart attack” as damage or death of part of the heart muscle caused by the lack of blood flow through the coronary arteries

105
Q

Hypertension (HTN)

A

HTN or “high blood pressure” occurs when the force but against artery walls is too high. If left untreated, it can cause organ failure to the heart, brain, kidneys, or eyes

106
Q

Hypercholesterolemia

A

Cholesterol is a fatty substance your body uses to protect nerves, makes cell membranes, and produce hormones. I love those of cholesterol can increase a persons risk of coronary artery disease

107
Q

Aneurysm

A

Localized enlargement of an artery caused by weakness in the arterial wall that can rupture and require emergency treatment

108
Q

Arteriosclerosis

A

Hardening of arteries caused by cholesterol-like plaque

109
Q

Embolism

A

A blood clot, piece of plaque, or other substance that travels in the bloodstream and larges in a blood vessel causing a sudden blockage

110
Q

Thrombosis

A

The formation of a blood clot attached to the inner wall of a blood vessel (thrombus) that can prevent the flow of blood through the vessel

111
Q

Varicose veins

A

Swollen, enlarged veins (usually in the legs) caused by faulty Valves in the veins that allow the blood to pool

112
Q

Iron deficiency anemia

A

Without significant iron, blood cannot produce enough of the substance in red blood cells to carry oxygen effectively

113
Q

Sickle cell disease

A

In sickle cell disease disease, red blood cells change their shape from a normal disc shaped to a crescent or sickle, shape. These cells are no longer flexible and burst apart as they move through blood vessels

114
Q

Pernicious anemia

A

Decreased in red blood cells that occur what the intestines cannot properly absorb vitamin B12

115
Q

Leukemia

A

A type of cancer where the bone marrow produces abnormal white blood cells, which don’t function properly.

116
Q

Sepsis

A

A life-threatening condition that occurs when the Body has an overwhelming immune response to an infectious organism that has entered the bloodstream

117
Q

The loss of a large amount of blood in a short time is called what?

A

Hemorrhage

118
Q

What is a cardiac arrhythmia that causes in a regular and quivering action of the atria

A

Atrial Fibrillation

119
Q

Asystole

A

The complete absence of a heart rate also known as flatline

120
Q

Palpitation

A

This is a pounding or racing heart

121
Q

Bradycardia

A

A slow heart rate

122
Q

What is a decrease in the number of disease fighting white blood cells circulating in the blood

A

Leukemia

123
Q

Polycythemia

A

When the volume of red blood cells in the blood is elevated

124
Q

Anemia

A

A deficiency of red blood cells

125
Q

Phlebitis

A

Inflammation of a vein

126
Q

What is an inflammation of a heart muscle

A

Myocarditis

127
Q

What is the condition that occurs when a weakened heart is unable to pump out all of the blood that it receives?

A

Heart failure

128
Q

Myocardial infarction

A

Is the occlusion of one or more coronary arteries

129
Q

Hypertension

A

And increased blood pressure

130
Q

Arthrosclerosis

A

This is narrowing of arteries due to a buildup of plaque

Medical Terminology (19 decks)

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